release: v1.3.0 — 整站备份恢复、跨后端同步与任务中心

2026-09-07 17:05:12 +08:00
1 parent b05d572221
commit 09e1236666
@@ -4,6 +4,24 @@

 ## [Unreleased]

+## [1.3.0] - 2026-09-07
+
+### 新增
+
+- **站点备份**：存储页导出 `.phost.tar.gz`（含 `pichost.db` 与全部图片），支持下载与任务进度
+- **站点恢复**：存储页或 setup 未初始化时从备份包恢复，支持预检与跳过/覆盖冲突
+- **跨后端同步**：在已配置存储后端之间拷贝图片并更新索引；后端卡片快捷「迁入 / 迁出」
+- **任务中心**：`backup_jobs` 记录最近导出/恢复/同步任务，失败可重试；列表分页
+- 运维 CLI：`backup-export`、`backup-restore`、`storage-sync`（`docker exec pichost …`）
+
+### 移除
+
+- 遗留目录迁移 CLI `migrate` / `migrate-to-single-images.mjs`（由启动索引同步与整站备份恢复替代）
+
+### 文档
+
+- [存储](./docs-site/guide/storage.md) 补充备份与迁移说明；更新截图；移除 v1.2 迁移专页
+
 ## [1.2.8] - 2026-09-04

 ### 改进
@@ -119,7 +137,6 @@
 - CLI 迁移工具：`docker exec pichost migrate` / `migrate --apply`（`server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs`）
 - 扫描 `data/` 下除 `images` 外所有顶层目录中的图片，输出 `data/mapping.json`
 - 启动时自动同步图片索引（扫描磁盘、归一化遗留 key、清理孤儿记录），并打印同步日志
- 迁移文档：[文档站 · v1.2 迁移](https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/guide/migration)

 ### 改进

@@ -23,10 +23,16 @@ ENV NODE_ENV=production \
    DATA_DIR=/data

 COPY --from=build /app/.output ./.output
+COPY --from=build /app/server/utils ./server/utils
+COPY --from=build /app/node_modules ./node_modules
+COPY --from=build /app/package.json ./package.json
 COPY server/cli/reset-password.mjs ./server/cli/reset-password.mjs
-COPY server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs ./server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs
 COPY server/cli/slider.mjs ./server/cli/slider.mjs
 COPY server/cli/clear-domains.mjs ./server/cli/clear-domains.mjs
+COPY server/cli/backup-cli-loader.mjs ./server/cli/backup-cli-loader.mjs
+COPY server/cli/backup-export.mjs ./server/cli/backup-export.mjs
+COPY server/cli/backup-restore.mjs ./server/cli/backup-restore.mjs
+COPY server/cli/storage-sync.mjs ./server/cli/storage-sync.mjs
 COPY docker-entrypoint.sh /docker-entrypoint.sh
 RUN chmod +x /docker-entrypoint.sh

@@ -31,20 +31,25 @@

 **main** has no public demo. **cloudflare** branch live demo: [pic.roven.cc](https://pic.roven.cc)

-| API | Gallery |
-| :--: | :-----: |
+| API | Gallery (detail) |
+| :--: | :--------------: |
 | ![API](docs/screenshots/api.png) | ![Gallery](docs/screenshots/gallery.png) |

 | Storage | Settings |
 | :-----: | :-------: |
 | ![Storage](docs/screenshots/storage.png) | ![Settings](docs/screenshots/settings-en.png) |

+| First-time setup | Restore from backup |
+| :--------------: | :-----------------: |
+| ![Setup](docs/screenshots/setup.png) | ![Setup restore](docs/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
 ## Features

 - **Drag, click, or Ctrl+V paste** — server-side WebP, Referer hotlink protection
 - **Multi-user** — login with slider, Turnstile, or Cap verification; optional registration; users see only their images
 - **Multi-backend storage** — local disk + S3-compatible (R2 / COS / OSS / AWS); hybrid `proxy` / `public` URLs
- **Gallery** — browse, search, filter by storage/source, grid/list views, batch delete; stats overview and source breakdown
+- **Gallery** — browse, search, filter by storage/source, grid/list views, batch delete; stats overview and source breakdown; image detail modal with link formats
+- **Backup & migration** — full-site export/restore (`.phost.tar.gz`), cross-backend sync; restore from backup on uninitialized `/setup`
 - **API & Twikoo** — global / per-user tokens; `POST /api/index.php` compatible
 - **Zero-config Docker** — first-run web wizard, no secrets upfront

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@

 **main** 分支暂无公网演示；**cloudflare** 分支在线体验：[pic.roven.cc](https://pic.roven.cc)

-| API | 图库 |
+| API | 图库（详情） |
 | :--: | :--: |
 | ![API](docs/screenshots/api.png) | ![图库](docs/screenshots/gallery.png) |

@@ -39,12 +39,17 @@
 | :--: | :--: |
 | ![存储](docs/screenshots/storage.png) | ![设置](docs/screenshots/settings.png) |

+| 首次设置 | 从备份恢复 |
+| :--: | :--: |
+| ![首次设置](docs/screenshots/setup.png) | ![从备份恢复](docs/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
 ## 特性

 - **拖拽 / 点击 / Ctrl+V 粘贴**上传；服务端 WebP 压缩、Referer 防盗链
 - **多用户**：账号密码登录（滑块 / Turnstile / Cap 人机验证）、可选开放注册；普通用户仅见自己的图片
 - **多后端存储**：本地磁盘 + S3 兼容（R2 / COS / OSS / AWS）；混合直链 `proxy` / `public`
- **图库**：浏览、搜索、按存储/来源筛选、网格/列表切换、批量删除；统计概览与来源分布
+- **图库**：浏览、搜索、按存储/来源筛选、网格/列表切换、批量删除；统计概览与来源分布；点击图片查看详情与多格式链接
+- **备份与迁移**：整站导出/恢复（`.phost.tar.gz`）、跨后端同步；setup 未初始化时可从备份恢复
 - **API 与 Twikoo**：全局 / 个人 Token；`POST /api/index.php` 兼容
 - **Docker 零配置**：首次访问 Web 引导创建管理员

@@ -74,7 +79,7 @@ docker run -d \

 浏览器打开 `http://<主机IP>:6892`，按引导完成设置即可。

-**详细说明**（环境变量、升级迁移、双域名、API、Twikoo、反向代理、本地开发等）见 **[用户文档](https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/)**。
+**详细说明**（环境变量、双域名、API、Twikoo、反向代理、本地开发等）见 **[用户文档](https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/)**。

 | 分支 | 说明 |
 | ---- | ---- |
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import type { BackendSyncPreview, SyncDraft } from '~/types/backup'
+import type { StorageBackendItem } from '~/types/storage'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  backends: StorageBackendItem[]
+  syncDraft: SyncDraft | null
+  highlighted?: boolean
+  busy: boolean
+  disabled?: boolean
+  activeJob?: { progress: number, total: number, message: string } | null
+  previewSync: (body: { fromBackendId: string, toBackendId: string }) => Promise<BackendSyncPreview>
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  sync: [body: {
+    fromBackendId: string
+    toBackendId: string
+    deleteSource: boolean
+    setDefault: boolean
+  }]
+}>()
+
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+const { formatFileSize } = useFileSize()
+const toast = useToast()
+
+const fromBackendId = ref('')
+const toBackendId = ref('')
+const deleteSource = ref(false)
+const setDefault = ref(false)
+const preview = ref<BackendSyncPreview | null>(null)
+const previewLoading = ref(false)
+const statsLoading = ref(false)
+const confirmOpen = ref(false)
+const userTouched = ref(false)
+
+let statsTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null
+
+const backendOptions = computed(() =>
+  props.backends.map(backend => ({
+    label: backend.name,
+    value: backend.id
+  }))
+)
+
+const backendNameById = computed(() =>
+  new Map(props.backends.map(backend => [backend.id, backend.name]))
+)
+
+const needsMoreBackends = computed(() => props.backends.length < 2)
+
+const syncDisabled = computed(() =>
+  props.disabled || props.busy || needsMoreBackends.value
+)
+
+function formatCount(value: number) {
+  return value.toLocaleString(locale.value)
+}
+
+function initDefaultSelection() {
+  if (userTouched.value || props.syncDraft) return
+  const defaultBackend = props.backends.find(backend => backend.isDefault)
+  const target = props.backends.find(backend => !backend.isDefault && backend.enabled)
+  if (defaultBackend && target) {
+    fromBackendId.value = defaultBackend.id
+    toBackendId.value = target.id
+    return
+  }
+  if (props.backends.length >= 2) {
+    fromBackendId.value = props.backends[0]!.id
+    toBackendId.value = props.backends[1]!.id
+  }
+}
+
+function canLoadStats(): boolean {
+  return !needsMoreBackends.value
+    && Boolean(fromBackendId.value)
+    && Boolean(toBackendId.value)
+    && fromBackendId.value !== toBackendId.value
+}
+
+async function refreshStats(immediate = false) {
+  if (!canLoadStats()) {
+    preview.value = null
+    return
+  }
+  if (immediate) {
+    if (statsTimer) clearTimeout(statsTimer)
+    await loadStats()
+    return
+  }
+  scheduleStatsLoad()
+}
+
+async function loadStats() {
+  if (needsMoreBackends.value || !fromBackendId.value || !toBackendId.value) {
+    preview.value = null
+    return
+  }
+  if (fromBackendId.value === toBackendId.value) {
+    preview.value = null
+    return
+  }
+  statsLoading.value = true
+  try {
+    preview.value = await props.previewSync({
+      fromBackendId: fromBackendId.value,
+      toBackendId: toBackendId.value
+    })
+  } catch {
+    preview.value = null
+  } finally {
+    statsLoading.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+function scheduleStatsLoad() {
+  if (statsTimer) clearTimeout(statsTimer)
+  statsTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+    void loadStats()
+  }, 400)
+}
+
+watch(
+  () => props.backends,
+  async () => {
+    initDefaultSelection()
+    await nextTick()
+    await refreshStats(true)
+  },
+  { immediate: true }
+)
+
+watch(
+  () => props.syncDraft,
+  async (draft) => {
+    if (!draft) return
+    fromBackendId.value = draft.fromBackendId
+    toBackendId.value = draft.toBackendId
+    userTouched.value = true
+    await refreshStats(true)
+  },
+  { immediate: true }
+)
+
+watch([fromBackendId, toBackendId], () => {
+  void refreshStats()
+})
+
+onBeforeUnmount(() => {
+  if (statsTimer) clearTimeout(statsTimer)
+})
+
+function applyDraft(draft: SyncDraft) {
+  fromBackendId.value = draft.fromBackendId
+  toBackendId.value = draft.toBackendId
+  userTouched.value = true
+  void refreshStats(true)
+}
+
+defineExpose({ applyDraft })
+
+function backendName(id: string) {
+  return backendNameById.value.get(id) ?? id
+}
+
+function validateSelection(): boolean {
+  if (needsMoreBackends.value) {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.syncNeedTwoBackends'), color: 'warning' })
+    return false
+  }
+  if (!fromBackendId.value || !toBackendId.value) {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.syncSelectRequired'), color: 'warning' })
+    return false
+  }
+  if (fromBackendId.value === toBackendId.value) {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.syncSameBackend'), color: 'warning' })
+    return false
+  }
+  return true
+}
+
+async function submit() {
+  if (!validateSelection()) return
+  previewLoading.value = true
+  try {
+    preview.value = await props.previewSync({
+      fromBackendId: fromBackendId.value,
+      toBackendId: toBackendId.value
+    })
+    confirmOpen.value = true
+  } catch {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.previewFailed'), color: 'error' })
+  } finally {
+    previewLoading.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+function confirmSync() {
+  emit('sync', {
+    fromBackendId: fromBackendId.value,
+    toBackendId: toBackendId.value,
+    deleteSource: deleteSource.value,
+    setDefault: setDefault.value
+  })
+  confirmOpen.value = false
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <article
+    class="flex h-full flex-col rounded-xl border bg-elevated p-4 transition-colors sm:p-5"
+    :class="highlighted ? 'border-primary ring-2 ring-primary/25' : 'border-default'"
+  >
+    <div class="flex items-start gap-3">
+      <div class="flex size-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-info/10 text-info">
+        <UIcon
+          name="i-lucide-arrow-left-right"
+          class="size-5"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="min-w-0">
+        <h3 class="text-base font-semibold">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.syncTitle') }}
+        </h3>
+        <p class="mt-0.5 text-sm text-muted">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.syncSubtitle') }}
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="mt-4 flex flex-1 flex-col">
+      <UAlert
+        v-if="needsMoreBackends"
+        color="warning"
+        variant="subtle"
+        icon="i-lucide-triangle-alert"
+        :description="t('storage.backup.syncNeedTwoBackends')"
+      />
+
+      <div
+        v-else
+        class="flex flex-1 flex-col space-y-3"
+      >
+        <div class="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-[1fr_auto_1fr] sm:items-end">
+          <div class="space-y-1.5">
+            <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.syncFrom') }}</label>
+            <USelect
+              v-model="fromBackendId"
+              :items="backendOptions"
+              size="sm"
+              class="w-full"
+              :disabled="syncDisabled"
+              @update:model-value="userTouched = true"
+            />
+          </div>
+          <UIcon
+            name="i-lucide-arrow-right"
+            class="hidden size-4 shrink-0 text-muted sm:mb-2.5 sm:block"
+          />
+          <div class="space-y-1.5">
+            <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.syncTo') }}</label>
+            <USelect
+              v-model="toBackendId"
+              :items="backendOptions"
+              size="sm"
+              class="w-full"
+              :disabled="syncDisabled"
+              @update:model-value="userTouched = true"
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+
+        <dl class="space-y-1.5 rounded-lg bg-muted/25 px-3 py-2.5 text-sm">
+          <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2">
+            <dt class="text-muted">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.syncPendingImages') }}
+            </dt>
+            <dd class="font-medium tabular-nums">
+              <template v-if="statsLoading">
+                …
+              </template>
+              <template v-else-if="preview">
+                {{ formatCount(preview.imageCount) }}
+              </template>
+              <template v-else>
+                —
+              </template>
+            </dd>
+          </div>
+          <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2">
+            <dt class="text-muted">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.syncPendingSize') }}
+            </dt>
+            <dd class="font-medium tabular-nums">
+              <template v-if="statsLoading">
+                …
+              </template>
+              <template v-else-if="preview">
+                {{ formatFileSize(preview.imageBytes) }}
+              </template>
+              <template v-else>
+                —
+              </template>
+            </dd>
+          </div>
+        </dl>
+
+        <div class="space-y-2 text-xs">
+          <label class="flex cursor-pointer items-center gap-2">
+            <UCheckbox
+              v-model="deleteSource"
+              :disabled="syncDisabled"
+            />
+            <span class="text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.syncDeleteSource') }}</span>
+          </label>
+          <label class="flex cursor-pointer items-center gap-2">
+            <UCheckbox
+              v-model="setDefault"
+              :disabled="syncDisabled"
+            />
+            <span class="text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.syncSetDefault') }}</span>
+          </label>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="mt-auto rounded-lg bg-muted/15 px-3 py-2.5">
+          <p class="text-xs font-medium text-default">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.syncIncludesTitle') }}
+          </p>
+          <ul class="mt-2 space-y-1.5 text-xs leading-relaxed text-muted">
+            <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+              <UIcon
+                name="i-lucide-check"
+                class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-info"
+              />
+              <span>{{ t('storage.backup.syncIncludesCopy') }}</span>
+            </li>
+            <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+              <UIcon
+                name="i-lucide-check"
+                class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-info"
+              />
+              <span>{{ t('storage.backup.syncIncludesIndex') }}</span>
+            </li>
+            <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+              <UIcon
+                name="i-lucide-minus"
+                class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-muted"
+              />
+              <span>{{ t('storage.backup.syncIncludesConfig') }}</span>
+            </li>
+          </ul>
+        </div>
+
+        <StorageBackupJobProgress
+          v-if="busy && activeJob"
+          class="mt-auto"
+          :message="activeJob.message"
+          :progress="activeJob.progress"
+          :total="activeJob.total"
+        />
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div
+      v-if="!needsMoreBackends"
+      class="mt-auto border-t border-default pt-4"
+    >
+      <UButton
+        :label="t('storage.backup.syncPreview')"
+        icon="i-lucide-play"
+        size="sm"
+        :loading="previewLoading || busy"
+        :disabled="syncDisabled"
+        @click="submit"
+      />
+    </div>
+
+    <UModal
+      v-model:open="confirmOpen"
+      :ui="{ content: 'max-w-md' }"
+    >
+      <template #content>
+        <div class="p-5 sm:p-6">
+          <h2 class="text-base font-semibold">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.syncConfirmTitle') }}
+          </h2>
+          <p class="mt-2 text-sm text-muted">
+            {{ backendName(fromBackendId) }} → {{ backendName(toBackendId) }}
+          </p>
+
+          <dl
+            v-if="preview"
+            class="mt-4 grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 text-sm"
+          >
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewImages') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 font-semibold tabular-nums">
+                {{ formatCount(preview.imageCount) }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewSize') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 font-semibold tabular-nums">
+                {{ formatFileSize(preview.imageBytes) }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+          </dl>
+
+          <UAlert
+            v-if="deleteSource"
+            class="mt-4"
+            color="warning"
+            variant="subtle"
+            icon="i-lucide-triangle-alert"
+            :description="t('storage.backup.syncDeleteWarning')"
+          />
+
+          <div class="mt-5 flex justify-end gap-2">
+            <UButton
+              :label="t('common.cancel')"
+              size="sm"
+              variant="outline"
+              color="neutral"
+              @click="() => { confirmOpen = false }"
+            />
+            <UButton
+              :label="t('storage.backup.syncConfirm')"
+              size="sm"
+              icon="i-lucide-play"
+              :loading="busy"
+              @click="confirmSync"
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </template>
+    </UModal>
+  </article>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import type { BackupEstimate } from '~/types/backup'
+
+defineProps<{
+  estimate: BackupEstimate | null
+  loading: boolean
+  busy: boolean
+  disabled?: boolean
+  activeJob?: { progress: number, total: number, message: string } | null
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  export: []
+}>()
+
+const { t } = useI18n()
+const { formatFileSize } = useFileSize()
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <article class="flex h-full flex-col rounded-xl border border-default bg-elevated p-4 sm:p-5">
+    <div class="flex items-start gap-3">
+      <div class="flex size-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-primary/10 text-primary">
+        <UIcon
+          name="i-lucide-archive"
+          class="size-5"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="min-w-0">
+        <h3 class="text-base font-semibold">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.exportTitle') }}
+        </h3>
+        <p class="mt-0.5 text-sm text-muted">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.exportSubtitle') }}
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="mt-4 flex flex-1 flex-col space-y-2">
+      <div
+        v-if="loading"
+        class="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-muted"
+      >
+        <UIcon
+          name="i-lucide-loader-circle"
+          class="size-4 animate-spin"
+        />
+        {{ t('storage.backup.estimateLoading') }}
+      </div>
+
+      <dl
+        v-else-if="estimate"
+        class="space-y-1.5 rounded-lg bg-muted/25 px-3 py-2.5 text-sm"
+      >
+        <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2">
+          <dt class="text-muted">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.estimateImageCountLabel') }}
+          </dt>
+          <dd class="font-medium tabular-nums">
+            {{ estimate.imageCount }} · {{ formatFileSize(estimate.imageBytes) }}
+          </dd>
+        </div>
+        <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2">
+          <dt class="text-muted">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.estimateDatabaseSnapshotLabel') }}
+          </dt>
+          <dd class="font-medium tabular-nums">
+            {{ formatFileSize(estimate.databaseBytes) }}
+          </dd>
+        </div>
+        <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2 border-t border-default/40 pt-1.5">
+          <dt class="font-medium text-default">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.estimatePackageSizeLabel') }}
+          </dt>
+          <dd class="font-semibold tabular-nums">
+            {{ formatFileSize(estimate.totalBytes) }}
+          </dd>
+        </div>
+        <div class="flex items-baseline justify-between gap-2 border-t border-default/40 pt-1.5">
+          <dt class="text-muted">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.estimateStoragePathLabel') }}
+          </dt>
+          <dd class="truncate font-mono text-xs font-medium">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.estimateStoragePathValue') }}
+          </dd>
+        </div>
+      </dl>
+
+      <div
+        v-if="estimate && !loading"
+        class="mt-auto rounded-lg bg-muted/15 px-3 py-2.5"
+      >
+        <p class="text-xs font-medium text-default">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.exportIncludesTitle') }}
+        </p>
+        <ul class="mt-2 space-y-1.5 text-xs leading-relaxed text-muted">
+          <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+            <UIcon
+              name="i-lucide-check"
+              class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-primary"
+            />
+            <span>{{ t('storage.backup.exportIncludesDb') }}</span>
+          </li>
+          <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+            <UIcon
+              name="i-lucide-check"
+              class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-primary"
+            />
+            <span>{{ t('storage.backup.exportIncludesImages', { count: estimate.imageCount }) }}</span>
+          </li>
+          <li class="flex items-start gap-2">
+            <UIcon
+              name="i-lucide-minus"
+              class="mt-0.5 size-3.5 shrink-0 text-muted"
+            />
+            <span>{{ t('storage.backup.exportExcludesSecrets') }}</span>
+          </li>
+        </ul>
+      </div>
+
+      <StorageBackupJobProgress
+        v-if="busy && activeJob"
+        class="mt-2"
+        :message="activeJob.message"
+        :progress="activeJob.progress"
+        :total="activeJob.total"
+      />
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="mt-auto border-t border-default pt-4">
+      <UButton
+        :label="t('storage.backup.exportAction')"
+        icon="i-lucide-download"
+        size="sm"
+        :loading="busy"
+        :disabled="disabled || busy"
+        @click="emit('export')"
+      />
+    </div>
+  </article>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+const props = defineProps<{
+  message: string
+  progress: number
+  total: number
+}>()
+
+const percent = computed(() => {
+  if (!props.total) return 0
+  return Math.min(100, Math.round((props.progress / props.total) * 100))
+})
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <div class="space-y-1.5">
+    <div class="flex items-center justify-between gap-2 text-xs text-muted">
+      <span class="truncate">{{ message }}</span>
+      <span
+        v-if="total > 0"
+        class="shrink-0 tabular-nums"
+      >
+        {{ progress }} / {{ total }}
+      </span>
+    </div>
+    <div class="h-1 overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-muted">
+      <div
+        class="h-full rounded-full bg-primary transition-all duration-300"
+        :style="{ width: `${percent}%` }"
+      />
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import type { BackupJobItem } from '~/types/backup'
+
+defineProps<{
+  jobs: BackupJobItem[]
+  polling: boolean
+  page: number
+  totalPages: number
+  total: number
+  pageSize: number
+  loading?: boolean
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  'retry': [jobId: string]
+  'download': [jobId: string]
+  'cancel': [jobId: string]
+  'view': [job: BackupJobItem]
+  'update:page': [page: number]
+  'update:pageSize': [pageSize: number]
+}>()
+
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+
+function typeLabel(type: BackupJobItem['type']): string {
+  const map: Record<BackupJobItem['type'], string> = {
+    full_export: t('storage.backup.jobTypeExport'),
+    full_restore: t('storage.backup.jobTypeRestore'),
+    backend_sync: t('storage.backup.jobTypeSync')
+  }
+  return map[type]
+}
+
+function statusColor(status: BackupJobItem['status']): 'success' | 'error' | 'warning' | 'neutral' {
+  if (status === 'done') return 'success'
+  if (status === 'failed') return 'error'
+  if (status === 'running') return 'warning'
+  return 'neutral'
+}
+
+function statusLabel(status: BackupJobItem['status']): string {
+  const map: Record<BackupJobItem['status'], string> = {
+    pending: t('storage.backup.statusPending'),
+    running: t('storage.backup.statusRunning'),
+    done: t('storage.backup.statusDone'),
+    failed: t('storage.backup.statusFailed')
+  }
+  return map[status]
+}
+
+function progressPercent(job: BackupJobItem): number {
+  if (!job.total) return job.status === 'done' ? 100 : 0
+  return Math.min(100, Math.round((job.progress / job.total) * 100))
+}
+
+function jobMessage(job: BackupJobItem): string {
+  if (job.status === 'failed') {
+    return job.error || job.message || t('storage.backup.jobFailedUnknown')
+  }
+  if (job.status === 'running' || job.status === 'pending') {
+    return job.message
+  }
+  if (job.status === 'done' && job.message) {
+    return job.message
+  }
+  return ''
+}
+
+function canRetry(job: BackupJobItem): boolean {
+  return job.type === 'backend_sync' && job.status === 'failed'
+}
+
+function canCancel(job: BackupJobItem): boolean {
+  return job.status === 'running' || job.status === 'pending'
+}
+
+function canView(job: BackupJobItem): boolean {
+  return job.type === 'full_restore' && job.status === 'done' && Boolean(job.message)
+}
+
+function formatTime(value: string) {
+  if (!value) return '—'
+  return new Date(value).toLocaleString(locale.value, { hour12: false })
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <section class="overflow-hidden rounded-xl border border-default bg-elevated">
+    <header class="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 border-b border-default/50 px-4 py-4 sm:px-5">
+      <div>
+        <h3 class="text-sm font-semibold">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.jobsTitle') }}
+        </h3>
+        <p class="mt-0.5 text-xs text-muted">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.jobsSubtitle') }}
+        </p>
+      </div>
+      <UIcon
+        v-if="polling"
+        name="i-lucide-loader-circle"
+        class="size-4 shrink-0 animate-spin text-muted"
+      />
+    </header>
+
+    <div
+      v-if="!jobs.length && !loading"
+      class="flex flex-col items-center gap-2 px-4 py-12 text-center sm:px-5"
+    >
+      <UIcon
+        name="i-lucide-clipboard-list"
+        class="size-7 text-muted"
+      />
+      <p class="text-sm text-muted">
+        {{ t('storage.backup.jobsEmpty') }}
+      </p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div
+      v-else
+      class="overflow-x-auto"
+    >
+      <table class="w-full min-w-[800px] text-left text-sm">
+        <thead>
+          <tr class="border-b border-default/50 text-xs text-muted">
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colTask') }}
+            </th>
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colStatus') }}
+            </th>
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colMessage') }}
+            </th>
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colProgress') }}
+            </th>
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colCreated') }}
+            </th>
+            <th class="px-4 py-3 font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ t('storage.backup.colActions') }}
+            </th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody>
+          <tr
+            v-for="job in jobs"
+            :key="job.id"
+            class="border-b border-default/40 last:border-0"
+          >
+            <td class="px-4 py-3.5 whitespace-nowrap font-medium sm:px-5">
+              {{ typeLabel(job.type) }}
+            </td>
+            <td class="px-4 py-3.5 sm:px-5">
+              <UBadge
+                :color="statusColor(job.status)"
+                variant="subtle"
+                size="sm"
+              >
+                {{ statusLabel(job.status) }}
+              </UBadge>
+            </td>
+            <td class="max-w-xs px-4 py-3.5 sm:px-5">
+              <p
+                v-if="jobMessage(job)"
+                class="line-clamp-2 text-xs leading-relaxed"
+                :class="job.status === 'failed' ? 'text-error' : 'text-muted'"
+                :title="jobMessage(job)"
+              >
+                {{ jobMessage(job) }}
+              </p>
+              <span
+                v-else
+                class="text-xs text-dimmed"
+              >—</span>
+            </td>
+            <td class="min-w-32 px-4 py-3.5 sm:px-5">
+              <div class="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <div class="h-1 min-w-0 flex-1 overflow-hidden rounded-full bg-muted">
+                  <div
+                    class="h-full rounded-full bg-primary transition-all"
+                    :class="{ 'animate-pulse': job.status === 'running' }"
+                    :style="{ width: `${progressPercent(job)}%` }"
+                  />
+                </div>
+                <span class="shrink-0 text-xs tabular-nums text-muted">
+                  <template v-if="job.total">{{ job.progress }}/{{ job.total }}</template>
+                  <template v-else-if="job.status === 'done'">100%</template>
+                  <template v-else>—</template>
+                </span>
+              </div>
+            </td>
+            <td class="px-4 py-3.5 whitespace-nowrap text-xs text-muted sm:px-5">
+              {{ formatTime(job.createdAt) }}
+            </td>
+            <td class="px-4 py-3.5 sm:px-5">
+              <div class="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+                <UButton
+                  v-if="job.downloadable"
+                  :label="t('storage.backup.download')"
+                  icon="i-lucide-download"
+                  size="xs"
+                  variant="outline"
+                  color="neutral"
+                  @click="emit('download', job.id)"
+                />
+                <UButton
+                  v-if="canView(job)"
+                  :label="t('storage.backup.jobView')"
+                  icon="i-lucide-eye"
+                  size="xs"
+                  variant="outline"
+                  color="neutral"
+                  @click="emit('view', job)"
+                />
+                <UButton
+                  v-if="canCancel(job)"
+                  :label="t('storage.backup.cancel')"
+                  icon="i-lucide-x"
+                  size="xs"
+                  variant="outline"
+                  color="warning"
+                  @click="emit('cancel', job.id)"
+                />
+                <UButton
+                  v-if="canRetry(job)"
+                  :label="t('storage.backup.retry')"
+                  icon="i-lucide-rotate-ccw"
+                  size="xs"
+                  variant="outline"
+                  color="neutral"
+                  @click="emit('retry', job.id)"
+                />
+              </div>
+            </td>
+          </tr>
+        </tbody>
+      </table>
+    </div>
+
+    <div
+      v-if="total > 0"
+      class="border-t border-default/50 px-4 py-4 sm:px-5"
+    >
+      <PaginationBar
+        :page="page"
+        :total-pages="totalPages"
+        :total="total"
+        :page-size="pageSize"
+        :loading="loading"
+        :unit="t('storage.backup.jobsUnit')"
+        @update:page="emit('update:page', $event)"
+        @update:page-size="emit('update:pageSize', $event)"
+      />
+    </div>
+  </section>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,305 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import type { BackupPackageItem, BackupRestorePreview } from '~/types/backup'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  packages: BackupPackageItem[]
+  busy: boolean
+  disabled?: boolean
+  restoreBusy?: boolean
+  activeJob?: { progress: number, total: number, message: string } | null
+  previewRestore: (input: { file?: File, archiveName?: string }) => Promise<BackupRestorePreview>
+}>()
+
+const emit = defineEmits<{
+  restore: [input: { file?: File, archiveName?: string, conflictMode: 'skip' | 'overwrite' }]
+}>()
+
+const { t, locale } = useI18n()
+const { formatFileSize } = useFileSize()
+const toast = useToast()
+
+const fileInput = ref<HTMLInputElement | null>(null)
+const selectedFile = ref<File | null>(null)
+const selectedPackage = ref<string>('')
+const conflictMode = ref<'skip' | 'overwrite'>('skip')
+const preview = ref<BackupRestorePreview | null>(null)
+const previewLoading = ref(false)
+const confirmOpen = ref(false)
+
+const conflictItems = computed(() => [
+  { label: t('storage.backup.conflictSkip'), value: 'skip' },
+  { label: t('storage.backup.conflictOverwrite'), value: 'overwrite' }
+])
+
+const selectMenuUi = {
+  content: 'min-w-[var(--reka-select-trigger-width)] w-max max-w-[min(100vw-2rem,24rem)]',
+  item: 'whitespace-normal',
+  itemLabel: 'whitespace-normal'
+}
+
+const packageOptions = computed(() =>
+  props.packages.map(pkg => ({
+    label: `${shortenName(pkg.name)} (${formatFileSize(pkg.bytes)})`,
+    value: pkg.name
+  }))
+)
+
+function shortenName(name: string) {
+  if (name.length <= 36) return name
+  return `${name.slice(0, 22)}…${name.slice(-10)}`
+}
+
+function formatTime(value: string) {
+  if (!value) return '—'
+  return new Date(value).toLocaleString(locale.value, { hour12: false })
+}
+
+function pickFile() {
+  fileInput.value?.click()
+}
+
+function onFileChange(event: Event) {
+  const input = event.target as HTMLInputElement
+  const file = input.files?.[0] ?? null
+  if (!file) return
+  selectedFile.value = file
+  selectedPackage.value = ''
+  preview.value = null
+  if (input) input.value = ''
+}
+
+function selectPackage(name: string | null) {
+  if (!name) {
+    selectedPackage.value = ''
+    return
+  }
+  selectedPackage.value = name
+  selectedFile.value = null
+  preview.value = null
+}
+
+async function submit() {
+  if (!selectedFile.value && !selectedPackage.value) {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.restoreSelectRequired'), color: 'warning' })
+    return
+  }
+  previewLoading.value = true
+  try {
+    preview.value = await props.previewRestore({
+      file: selectedFile.value ?? undefined,
+      archiveName: selectedPackage.value || undefined
+    })
+    confirmOpen.value = true
+  } catch {
+    toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.previewFailed'), color: 'error' })
+  } finally {
+    previewLoading.value = false
+  }
+}
+
+function confirmRestore() {
+  emit('restore', {
+    file: selectedFile.value ?? undefined,
+    archiveName: selectedPackage.value || undefined,
+    conflictMode: conflictMode.value
+  })
+  confirmOpen.value = false
+  selectedFile.value = null
+  selectedPackage.value = ''
+  preview.value = null
+}
+
+const sourceLabel = computed(() => selectedFile.value?.name || selectedPackage.value || '')
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <article class="flex h-full flex-col rounded-xl border border-default bg-elevated p-4 sm:p-5">
+    <div class="flex items-start gap-3">
+      <div class="flex size-10 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-warning/10 text-warning">
+        <UIcon
+          name="i-lucide-upload"
+          class="size-5"
+        />
+      </div>
+      <div class="min-w-0">
+        <h3 class="text-base font-semibold">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.restoreTitle') }}
+        </h3>
+        <p class="mt-0.5 text-sm text-muted">
+          {{ t('storage.backup.restoreSubtitle') }}
+        </p>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="mt-4 flex flex-1 flex-col space-y-3">
+      <div class="space-y-1.5">
+        <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.restoreUploadLabel') }}</label>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="flex w-full flex-col items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border-2 border-dashed px-3 py-2.5 text-center transition-colors disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-60"
+          :class="selectedFile
+            ? 'border-primary/50 bg-primary/5'
+            : 'border-warning/40 bg-warning/5 hover:border-warning/60 hover:bg-warning/10'"
+          :disabled="disabled || busy"
+          @click="pickFile"
+        >
+          <div
+            class="flex size-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full"
+            :class="selectedFile ? 'bg-primary/15 text-primary' : 'bg-warning/15 text-warning'"
+          >
+            <UIcon
+              :name="selectedFile ? 'i-lucide-check' : 'i-lucide-upload'"
+              class="size-4.5"
+            />
+          </div>
+          <span class="max-w-full truncate text-sm font-medium text-default">
+            {{ selectedFile?.name ?? t('storage.backup.restoreUpload') }}
+          </span>
+          <span
+            v-if="!selectedFile"
+            class="text-xs text-muted"
+          >
+            {{ t('storage.backup.restoreUploadHint') }}
+          </span>
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
+      <div
+        v-if="packages.length"
+        class="space-y-1.5"
+      >
+        <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.restoreServerPackages') }}</label>
+        <USelect
+          :model-value="selectedPackage || undefined"
+          :items="packageOptions"
+          size="sm"
+          class="w-full"
+          :ui="selectMenuUi"
+          :placeholder="t('storage.backup.restoreServerSelectPlaceholder')"
+          :disabled="disabled || busy"
+          @update:model-value="selectPackage"
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <div class="space-y-2">
+        <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.conflictMode') }}</label>
+        <URadioGroup
+          v-model="conflictMode"
+          :items="conflictItems"
+          :disabled="disabled || busy"
+        />
+      </div>
+
+      <StorageBackupJobProgress
+        v-if="restoreBusy && activeJob"
+        class="mt-auto"
+        :message="activeJob.message"
+        :progress="activeJob.progress"
+        :total="activeJob.total"
+      />
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="mt-auto border-t border-default pt-4">
+      <UButton
+        :label="t('storage.backup.restorePreviewConfirm')"
+        icon="i-lucide-search"
+        size="sm"
+        :loading="previewLoading || restoreBusy"
+        :disabled="disabled || busy"
+        @click="submit"
+      />
+    </div>
+
+    <input
+      ref="fileInput"
+      type="file"
+      accept=".phost.tar.gz,.tar.gz"
+      class="hidden"
+      @change="onFileChange"
+    >
+
+    <UModal
+      v-model:open="confirmOpen"
+      :ui="{ content: 'max-w-md' }"
+    >
+      <template #content>
+        <div class="p-5 sm:p-6">
+          <h2 class="text-base font-semibold">
+            {{ t('storage.backup.restoreConfirmTitle') }}
+          </h2>
+          <p
+            v-if="sourceLabel"
+            class="mt-2 truncate font-mono text-xs text-muted"
+            :title="sourceLabel"
+          >
+            {{ sourceLabel }}
+          </p>
+
+          <dl
+            v-if="preview"
+            class="mt-4 grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 text-sm"
+          >
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewImages') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 font-semibold tabular-nums">
+                {{ preview.imageCount }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewNew') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 font-semibold tabular-nums">
+                {{ preview.newImages }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewConflicts') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 font-semibold tabular-nums">
+                {{ preview.conflictingImages }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+            <div>
+              <dt class="text-xs text-muted">
+                {{ t('storage.backup.previewCreated') }}
+              </dt>
+              <dd class="mt-0.5 text-xs">
+                {{ formatTime(preview.createdAt) }}
+              </dd>
+            </div>
+          </dl>
+
+          <UAlert
+            v-if="conflictMode === 'overwrite'"
+            class="mt-4"
+            color="warning"
+            variant="subtle"
+            icon="i-lucide-triangle-alert"
+            :description="t('storage.backup.restoreOverwriteWarning')"
+          />
+
+          <div class="mt-5 flex justify-end gap-2">
+            <UButton
+              :label="t('common.cancel')"
+              size="sm"
+              variant="outline"
+              color="neutral"
+              @click="() => { confirmOpen = false }"
+            />
+            <UButton
+              :label="t('storage.backup.restoreConfirm')"
+              size="sm"
+              color="warning"
+              :loading="restoreBusy"
+              @click="confirmRestore"
+            />
+          </div>
+        </div>
+      </template>
+    </UModal>
+  </article>
+</template>
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ const props = defineProps<{
  backend: StorageBackendItem
  envOverride?: boolean
  busy?: boolean
+  showMigrateIn?: boolean
+  showMigrateOut?: boolean
 }>()

 const emit = defineEmits<{
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ const emit = defineEmits<{
  test: []
  toggleEnabled: []
  delete: []
+  migrateIn: []
+  migrateOut: []
 }>()

 const { t } = useI18n()
@@ -129,6 +133,28 @@ function canDelete() {
        :disabled="actionsDisabled"
        @click="emit('setDefault')"
      />
+      <UButton
+        v-if="showMigrateIn"
+        :label="t('storage.backup.migrateIn')"
+        :title="t('storage.backup.migrateInHint')"
+        icon="i-lucide-import"
+        size="sm"
+        variant="outline"
+        color="neutral"
+        :disabled="actionsDisabled"
+        @click="emit('migrateIn')"
+      />
+      <UButton
+        v-if="showMigrateOut"
+        :label="t('storage.backup.migrateOut')"
+        :title="t('storage.backup.migrateOutHint')"
+        icon="i-lucide-arrow-up-from-line"
+        size="sm"
+        variant="outline"
+        color="neutral"
+        :disabled="actionsDisabled"
+        @click="emit('migrateOut')"
+      />
      <UButton
        v-if="canEdit()"
        :label="t('common.edit')"
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+<script setup lang="ts">
+import type { BackupJobItem, SyncDraft } from '~/types/backup'
+import type { StorageBackendItem } from '~/types/storage'
+
+const props = defineProps<{
+  backends: StorageBackendItem[]
+}>()
+
+const { t } = useI18n()
+const toast = useToast()
+const {
+  jobs,
+  jobsPage,
+  jobsPageSize,
+  jobsTotal,
+  jobsTotalPages,
+  jobsLoading,
+  estimate,
+  packages,
+  loadingEstimate,
+  polling,
+  hasActiveJob,
+  getActiveJob,
+  loadJobs,
+  setJobsPage,
+  setJobsPageSize,
+  loadEstimate,
+  startPolling,
+  createExport,
+  previewRestore,
+  confirmRestore,
+  previewSync,
+  startSync,
+  retryJob,
+  cancelJob,
+  downloadUrl
+} = useBackup()
+
+const syncDraft = ref<SyncDraft | null>(null)
+const syncCardRef = ref<{ applyDraft: (draft: SyncDraft) => void } | null>(null)
+const panelRef = ref<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+const syncHighlighted = ref(false)
+
+const activeJob = computed(() => getActiveJob())
+const exportBusy = computed(() => activeJob.value?.type === 'full_export')
+const restoreBusy = computed(() => activeJob.value?.type === 'full_restore')
+const syncBusy = computed(() => activeJob.value?.type === 'backend_sync')
+const anyJobBusy = computed(() => Boolean(activeJob.value))
+
+onMounted(async () => {
+  await Promise.all([loadJobs(), loadEstimate()])
+  if (hasActiveJob()) {
+    startPolling()
+  }
+})
+
+function applySyncDraft(draft: SyncDraft) {
+  syncDraft.value = draft
+  syncCardRef.value?.applyDraft(draft)
+  syncHighlighted.value = true
+  window.setTimeout(() => {
+    syncHighlighted.value = false
+  }, 2500)
+  nextTick(() => {
+    panelRef.value?.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'start' })
+  })
+  toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.syncDraftApplied'), color: 'info' })
+}
+
+defineExpose({ applySyncDraft })
+
+async function onExport() {
+  await createExport()
+}
+
+async function onRestore(input: {
+  file?: File
+  archiveName?: string
+  conflictMode: 'skip' | 'overwrite'
+}) {
+  await confirmRestore(input)
+}
+
+async function onCancel(jobId: string) {
+  await cancelJob(jobId)
+}
+
+async function onSync(body: {
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+  deleteSource: boolean
+  setDefault: boolean
+}) {
+  await startSync(body)
+}
+
+function onDownload(jobId: string) {
+  window.open(downloadUrl(jobId), '_blank')
+}
+
+async function onRetry(jobId: string) {
+  await retryJob(jobId)
+}
+
+function onViewJob(job: BackupJobItem) {
+  toast.add({
+    title: t('storage.backup.jobTypeRestore'),
+    description: job.message,
+    color: 'info'
+  })
+}
+</script>
+
+<template>
+  <section
+    ref="panelRef"
+    class="scroll-mt-20 space-y-4 border-t border-default pt-5"
+  >
+    <header>
+      <h2 class="text-base font-semibold">
+        {{ t('storage.backup.sectionTitle') }}
+      </h2>
+      <p class="mt-1 text-sm text-muted">
+        {{ t('storage.backup.sectionSubtitle') }}
+      </p>
+    </header>
+
+    <div class="grid grid-cols-1 items-stretch gap-4 xl:grid-cols-3">
+      <StorageBackupExportCard
+        class="h-full"
+        :estimate="estimate"
+        :loading="loadingEstimate"
+        :busy="exportBusy"
+        :active-job="exportBusy ? activeJob : null"
+        :disabled="anyJobBusy && !exportBusy"
+        @export="onExport"
+      />
+      <StorageBackupRestoreCard
+        class="h-full"
+        :packages="packages"
+        :busy="anyJobBusy"
+        :restore-busy="restoreBusy"
+        :active-job="restoreBusy ? activeJob : null"
+        :disabled="anyJobBusy && !restoreBusy"
+        :preview-restore="previewRestore"
+        @restore="onRestore"
+      />
+      <StorageBackendSyncCard
+        ref="syncCardRef"
+        class="h-full"
+        :backends="props.backends"
+        :sync-draft="syncDraft"
+        :highlighted="syncHighlighted"
+        :busy="syncBusy"
+        :active-job="syncBusy ? activeJob : null"
+        :disabled="anyJobBusy && !syncBusy"
+        :preview-sync="previewSync"
+        @sync="onSync"
+      />
+    </div>
+
+    <StorageBackupJobTable
+      :jobs="jobs"
+      :polling="polling"
+      :page="jobsPage"
+      :total-pages="jobsTotalPages"
+      :total="jobsTotal"
+      :page-size="jobsPageSize"
+      :loading="jobsLoading"
+      @update:page="setJobsPage"
+      @update:page-size="setJobsPageSize"
+      @download="onDownload"
+      @retry="onRetry"
+      @cancel="onCancel"
+      @view="onViewJob"
+    />
+  </section>
+</template>
@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+import type {
+  BackupEstimate,
+  BackupJobItem,
+  BackupPackageItem,
+  BackupRestorePreview,
+  BackendSyncPreview
+} from '~/types/backup'
+
+const jobs = ref<BackupJobItem[]>([])
+const jobsPage = ref(1)
+const jobsPageSize = ref(10)
+const jobsTotal = ref(0)
+const jobsTotalPages = ref(1)
+const jobsLoading = ref(false)
+const activeJobState = ref<BackupJobItem | null>(null)
+const estimate = ref<BackupEstimate | null>(null)
+const packages = ref<BackupPackageItem[]>([])
+const loadingEstimate = ref(false)
+const polling = ref(false)
+let pollTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
+
+export function useBackup() {
+  const toast = useToast()
+  const { t } = useI18n()
+
+  function stopPolling() {
+    if (pollTimer) {
+      clearInterval(pollTimer)
+      pollTimer = null
+    }
+    polling.value = false
+  }
+
+  function hasActiveJob(): boolean {
+    return activeJobState.value !== null
+  }
+
+  function getActiveJob(): BackupJobItem | null {
+    return activeJobState.value
+  }
+
+  async function cancelJob(jobId: string) {
+    try {
+      await $fetch(`/api/admin/backup/jobs/${jobId}/cancel`, {
+        method: 'POST',
+        credentials: 'include'
+      })
+      await loadJobs()
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.cancelDone'), color: 'success' })
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      handleError(error, t('storage.backup.cancelFailed'))
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function loadJobs(options?: { page?: number, pageSize?: number }) {
+    if (options?.page !== undefined) jobsPage.value = options.page
+    if (options?.pageSize !== undefined) jobsPageSize.value = options.pageSize
+    jobsLoading.value = true
+    try {
+      const data = await $fetch<{
+        jobs: BackupJobItem[]
+        total: number
+        page: number
+        pageSize: number
+        totalPages: number
+        activeJob: BackupJobItem | null
+      }>('/api/admin/backup/jobs', {
+        credentials: 'include',
+        query: {
+          pageNum: jobsPage.value,
+          pageSize: jobsPageSize.value
+        }
+      })
+      jobs.value = data.jobs
+      jobsTotal.value = data.total
+      jobsPage.value = data.page
+      jobsPageSize.value = data.pageSize
+      jobsTotalPages.value = data.totalPages
+      activeJobState.value = data.activeJob
+      if (!data.activeJob) {
+        stopPolling()
+        void loadEstimate().catch(() => {})
+      }
+      return data.jobs
+    } finally {
+      jobsLoading.value = false
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function setJobsPage(page: number) {
+    jobsPage.value = page
+    return loadJobs()
+  }
+
+  async function setJobsPageSize(pageSize: number) {
+    jobsPageSize.value = pageSize
+    jobsPage.value = 1
+    return loadJobs()
+  }
+
+  async function refreshJobsFirstPage() {
+    jobsPage.value = 1
+    return loadJobs()
+  }
+
+  async function loadEstimate() {
+    loadingEstimate.value = true
+    try {
+      const data = await $fetch<{
+        estimate: BackupEstimate
+        packages: BackupPackageItem[]
+        backupsDir: string
+      }>('/api/admin/backup/estimate', { credentials: 'include' })
+      estimate.value = data.estimate
+      packages.value = data.packages
+      return data
+    } finally {
+      loadingEstimate.value = false
+    }
+  }
+
+  function startPolling() {
+    if (pollTimer) return
+    polling.value = true
+    pollTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      void loadJobs().catch(() => {})
+    }, 2000)
+  }
+
+  async function createExport() {
+    try {
+      const data = await $fetch<{ job: BackupJobItem, estimate: BackupEstimate }>(
+        '/api/admin/backup/export',
+        { method: 'POST', credentials: 'include' }
+      )
+      estimate.value = data.estimate
+      await refreshJobsFirstPage()
+      startPolling()
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.exportStarted'), color: 'success' })
+      return data.job
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      handleError(error, t('storage.backup.exportFailed'))
+      throw error
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function previewRestore(input: {
+    file?: File
+    archiveName?: string
+  }): Promise<BackupRestorePreview> {
+    if (input.file) {
+      const form = new FormData()
+      form.append('file', input.file)
+      form.append('dryRun', 'true')
+      const data = await $fetch<{ preview: BackupRestorePreview }>(
+        '/api/admin/backup/restore',
+        { method: 'POST', credentials: 'include', body: form }
+      )
+      return data.preview
+    }
+
+    const data = await $fetch<{ preview: BackupRestorePreview }>(
+      '/api/admin/backup/restore',
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        credentials: 'include',
+        body: {
+          archiveName: input.archiveName,
+          dryRun: true
+        }
+      }
+    )
+    return data.preview
+  }
+
+  async function confirmRestore(input: {
+    file?: File
+    archiveName?: string
+    conflictMode: 'skip' | 'overwrite'
+  }) {
+    try {
+      if (input.file) {
+        const form = new FormData()
+        form.append('file', input.file)
+        form.append('conflictMode', input.conflictMode)
+        const data = await $fetch<{ job: BackupJobItem }>(
+          '/api/admin/backup/restore',
+          { method: 'POST', credentials: 'include', body: form }
+        )
+        await refreshJobsFirstPage()
+        startPolling()
+        toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.restoreStarted'), color: 'success' })
+        return data.job
+      }
+
+      const data = await $fetch<{ job: BackupJobItem }>(
+        '/api/admin/backup/restore',
+        {
+          method: 'POST',
+          credentials: 'include',
+          body: {
+            archiveName: input.archiveName,
+            conflictMode: input.conflictMode,
+            dryRun: false
+          }
+        }
+      )
+      await refreshJobsFirstPage()
+      startPolling()
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.restoreStarted'), color: 'success' })
+      return data.job
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      handleError(error, t('storage.backup.restoreFailed'))
+      throw error
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function previewSync(body: {
+    fromBackendId: string
+    toBackendId: string
+  }): Promise<BackendSyncPreview> {
+    const data = await $fetch<{ preview: BackendSyncPreview }>(
+      '/api/admin/storage/sync',
+      {
+        method: 'POST',
+        credentials: 'include',
+        body: { ...body, dryRun: true }
+      }
+    )
+    return data.preview
+  }
+
+  async function startSync(body: {
+    fromBackendId: string
+    toBackendId: string
+    deleteSource?: boolean
+    setDefault?: boolean
+  }) {
+    try {
+      const data = await $fetch<{ job: BackupJobItem }>(
+        '/api/admin/storage/sync',
+        {
+          method: 'POST',
+          credentials: 'include',
+          body
+        }
+      )
+      await refreshJobsFirstPage()
+      startPolling()
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.syncStarted'), color: 'success' })
+      return data.job
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      handleError(error, t('storage.backup.syncFailed'))
+      throw error
+    }
+  }
+
+  async function retryJob(jobId: string) {
+    try {
+      await $fetch(`/api/admin/backup/jobs/${jobId}/retry`, {
+        method: 'POST',
+        credentials: 'include'
+      })
+      await refreshJobsFirstPage()
+      startPolling()
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.retryStarted'), color: 'success' })
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      handleError(error, t('storage.backup.retryFailed'))
+    }
+  }
+
+  function downloadUrl(jobId: string): string {
+    return `/api/admin/backup/jobs/${jobId}/download`
+  }
+
+  function handleError(error: unknown, fallback: string) {
+    const status = typeof error === 'object' && error !== null && 'statusCode' in error
+      ? (error as { statusCode: number }).statusCode
+      : 0
+    if (status === 409) {
+      toast.add({ title: t('storage.backup.jobRunning'), color: 'warning' })
+      return
+    }
+    toast.add({ title: fallback, color: 'error' })
+  }
+
+  onUnmounted(() => {
+    stopPolling()
+  })
+
+  return {
+    jobs,
+    jobsPage,
+    jobsPageSize,
+    jobsTotal,
+    jobsTotalPages,
+    jobsLoading,
+    estimate,
+    packages,
+    loadingEstimate,
+    polling,
+    hasActiveJob,
+    getActiveJob,
+    loadJobs,
+    setJobsPage,
+    setJobsPageSize,
+    loadEstimate,
+    startPolling,
+    stopPolling,
+    createExport,
+    previewRestore,
+    confirmRestore,
+    previewSync,
+    startSync,
+    retryJob,
+    cancelJob,
+    downloadUrl
+  }
+}
@@ -29,6 +29,93 @@ const imageBaseUrl = ref('')
 const loading = ref(false)
 const domainSeparationConfirmOpen = ref(false)

+const setupMode = ref<'init' | 'restore'>('init')
+const restoreFile = ref<File | null>(null)
+const restoreFileInput = ref<HTMLInputElement | null>(null)
+const restoreLoading = ref(false)
+const restoreJobId = ref<string | null>(null)
+const restoreProgress = ref({ progress: 0, total: 0, message: '' })
+let restorePollTimer: ReturnType<typeof setInterval> | null = null
+
+function stopRestorePolling() {
+  if (restorePollTimer) {
+    clearInterval(restorePollTimer)
+    restorePollTimer = null
+  }
+}
+
+function pickRestoreFile() {
+  restoreFileInput.value?.click()
+}
+
+function onRestoreFileChange(event: Event) {
+  const input = event.target as HTMLInputElement
+  restoreFile.value = input.files?.[0] ?? null
+  if (input) input.value = ''
+}
+
+async function pollRestoreJob(jobId: string) {
+  try {
+    const data = await $fetch<{ job: { status: string, progress: number, total: number, message: string, error: string | null } }>(
+      `/api/setup/restore/${jobId}`
+    )
+    restoreProgress.value = {
+      progress: data.job.progress,
+      total: data.job.total,
+      message: data.job.message
+    }
+    if (data.job.status === 'done') {
+      stopRestorePolling()
+      restoreLoading.value = false
+      toast.add({
+        title: t('setup.restoreSuccess'),
+        description: t('setup.restoreSecretsHint'),
+        color: 'success'
+      })
+      await router.replace('/')
+      return
+    }
+    if (data.job.status === 'failed') {
+      stopRestorePolling()
+      restoreLoading.value = false
+      toast.add({
+        title: t('setup.restoreFailed'),
+        description: data.job.error ?? data.job.message,
+        color: 'error'
+      })
+    }
+  } catch {
+    stopRestorePolling()
+    restoreLoading.value = false
+    toast.add({ title: t('setup.restoreFailed'), color: 'error' })
+  }
+}
+
+async function submitRestore() {
+  if (!restoreFile.value || restoreLoading.value) return
+  restoreLoading.value = true
+  try {
+    const form = new FormData()
+    form.append('file', restoreFile.value)
+    const data = await $fetch<{ job: { id: string } }>('/api/setup/restore', {
+      method: 'POST',
+      body: form
+    })
+    restoreJobId.value = data.job.id
+    restorePollTimer = setInterval(() => {
+      void pollRestoreJob(data.job.id)
+    }, 1500)
+    await pollRestoreJob(data.job.id)
+  } catch {
+    restoreLoading.value = false
+    toast.add({ title: t('setup.restoreFailed'), color: 'error' })
+  }
+}
+
+onUnmounted(() => {
+  stopRestorePolling()
+})
+
 const domainSeparationWouldActivate = computed(() =>
  willActivateDomainSeparation(
    domainSeparation.value,
@@ -149,7 +236,28 @@ async function performSubmit() {
        </div>
      </div>

+      <div class="mb-6 flex rounded-lg border border-default p-1">
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          class="flex-1 rounded-md px-3 py-2 text-sm font-medium transition-colors"
+          :class="setupMode === 'init' ? 'bg-primary text-inverted' : 'text-muted hover:text-default'"
+          @click="setupMode = 'init'"
+        >
+          {{ t('setup.modeInit') }}
+        </button>
+        <button
+          v-if="!isMigrate"
+          type="button"
+          class="flex-1 rounded-md px-3 py-2 text-sm font-medium transition-colors"
+          :class="setupMode === 'restore' ? 'bg-primary text-inverted' : 'text-muted hover:text-default'"
+          @click="setupMode = 'restore'"
+        >
+          {{ t('setup.modeRestore') }}
+        </button>
+      </div>
+
      <form
+        v-if="setupMode === 'init'"
        class="flex w-full flex-col gap-5"
        @submit.prevent="submit"
      >
@@ -269,6 +377,73 @@ async function performSubmit() {
          :disabled="!canSubmit"
        />
      </form>
+
+      <div
+        v-else
+        class="flex w-full flex-col gap-5"
+      >
+        <div class="space-y-1.5">
+          <label class="text-xs text-muted">{{ t('storage.backup.restoreUploadLabel') }}</label>
+          <button
+            type="button"
+            class="flex w-full flex-col items-center gap-1.5 rounded-lg border-2 border-dashed px-3 py-4 text-center transition-colors disabled:cursor-not-allowed disabled:opacity-60"
+            :class="restoreFile
+              ? 'border-primary/50 bg-primary/5'
+              : 'border-warning/40 bg-warning/5 hover:border-warning/60 hover:bg-warning/10'"
+            :disabled="restoreLoading"
+            @click="pickRestoreFile"
+          >
+            <div
+              class="flex size-8 items-center justify-center rounded-full"
+              :class="restoreFile ? 'bg-primary/15 text-primary' : 'bg-warning/15 text-warning'"
+            >
+              <UIcon
+                :name="restoreFile ? 'i-lucide-check' : 'i-lucide-upload'"
+                class="size-4.5"
+              />
+            </div>
+            <span class="max-w-full truncate text-sm font-medium text-default">
+              {{ restoreFile?.name ?? t('storage.backup.restoreUpload') }}
+            </span>
+            <span
+              v-if="!restoreFile"
+              class="text-xs text-muted"
+            >
+              {{ t('storage.backup.restoreUploadHint') }}
+            </span>
+          </button>
+        </div>
+
+        <div class="rounded-lg bg-muted/15 px-3 py-2.5 text-xs leading-relaxed text-muted">
+          {{ t('setup.restoreHint') }}
+        </div>
+
+        <StorageBackupJobProgress
+          v-if="restoreLoading"
+          :message="restoreProgress.message || t('setup.restoreSubmit')"
+          :progress="restoreProgress.progress"
+          :total="restoreProgress.total"
+        />
+
+        <UButton
+          :label="t('setup.restoreSubmit')"
+          icon="i-lucide-upload"
+          size="lg"
+          block
+          class="w-full"
+          :loading="restoreLoading"
+          :disabled="!restoreFile"
+          @click="submitRestore"
+        />
+
+        <input
+          ref="restoreFileInput"
+          type="file"
+          accept=".phost.tar.gz,.tar.gz"
+          class="hidden"
+          @change="onRestoreFileChange"
+        >
+      </div>
    </div>

    <UModal
@@ -21,6 +21,53 @@ const deleteTarget = ref<StorageBackendItem | null>(null)
 const deleteConfirmName = ref('')
 const deleting = ref(false)

+const backupPanelRef = ref<{ applySyncDraft: (draft: { fromBackendId: string, toBackendId: string }) => void } | null>(null)
+
+function onMigrateIn(backend: StorageBackendItem) {
+  const defaultBackend = storageData.value?.backends.find(item => item.isDefault)
+  if (!defaultBackend || defaultBackend.id === backend.id) return
+  backupPanelRef.value?.applySyncDraft({
+    fromBackendId: defaultBackend.id,
+    toBackendId: backend.id
+  })
+}
+
+function onMigrateOut(backend: StorageBackendItem) {
+  const backends = storageData.value?.backends ?? []
+  if (backend.isDefault) {
+    const target = backends.find(item => !item.isDefault && item.enabled)
+    if (!target) return
+    backupPanelRef.value?.applySyncDraft({
+      fromBackendId: backend.id,
+      toBackendId: target.id
+    })
+    return
+  }
+
+  const defaultBackend = backends.find(item => item.isDefault)
+  if (!defaultBackend) return
+  backupPanelRef.value?.applySyncDraft({
+    fromBackendId: backend.id,
+    toBackendId: defaultBackend.id
+  })
+}
+
+function showMigrateIn(backend: StorageBackendItem): boolean {
+  const backends = storageData.value?.backends ?? []
+  return !backend.isDefault
+    && backend.enabled
+    && backends.some(item => item.isDefault)
+}
+
+function showMigrateOut(backend: StorageBackendItem): boolean {
+  const backends = storageData.value?.backends ?? []
+  if (backend.usage.count === 0) return false
+  if (backend.isDefault) {
+    return backends.some(item => !item.isDefault && item.enabled)
+  }
+  return backends.some(item => item.isDefault)
+}
+
 const defaultBackendName = computed(() => {
  const backend = storageData.value?.backends.find(item => item.isDefault)
  return backend?.name ?? t('storage.backendLocal')
@@ -297,14 +344,24 @@ watch(isAuthenticated, async (authed) => {
              :backend="backend"
              :env-override="storageData.envOverride"
              :busy="busyId === backend.id"
+              :show-migrate-in="showMigrateIn(backend)"
+              :show-migrate-out="showMigrateOut(backend)"
              @set-default="setDefault(backend)"
              @edit="openEdit(backend)"
              @test="testBackend(backend)"
              @toggle-enabled="toggleEnabled(backend)"
              @delete="confirmDelete(backend)"
+              @migrate-in="onMigrateIn(backend)"
+              @migrate-out="onMigrateOut(backend)"
            />
          </div>

+          <StorageBackupPanel
+            v-if="!storageData.envOverride"
+            ref="backupPanelRef"
+            :backends="storageData.backends"
+          />
+
          <StorageSupportedBackends />
        </template>
      </section>
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+export type BackupJobType = 'full_export' | 'full_restore' | 'backend_sync'
+export type BackupJobStatus = 'pending' | 'running' | 'done' | 'failed'
+
+export interface BackupJobItem {
+  id: string
+  type: BackupJobType
+  status: BackupJobStatus
+  progress: number
+  total: number
+  message: string
+  payload: Record<string, unknown>
+  outputPath: string | null
+  archiveName: string | null
+  downloadable: boolean
+  error: string | null
+  createdAt: string
+  finishedAt: string | null
+}
+
+export interface BackupEstimate {
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  databaseBytes: number
+  totalBytes: number
+}
+
+export interface BackupPackageItem {
+  name: string
+  bytes: number
+  modifiedAt: string
+}
+
+export interface BackupRestorePreview {
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  newImages: number
+  conflictingImages: number
+  formatVersion: number
+  appVersion: string
+  createdAt: string
+}
+
+export interface BackendSyncPreview {
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+}
+
+export interface SyncDraft {
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+}
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ services:
      - "6892:6892"
    # 首次访问 Web 引导创建管理员，无需预先配置环境变量
    # 可选：environment 中设置 API_UPLOAD_TOKEN、ALLOWED_REFERER_HOSTS 等
-    # 运维：docker exec pichost reset-password | migrate [--apply] | slider | clear-domains [--site]
+    # 运维：docker exec pichost reset-password | slider | clear-domains | backup-export | backup-restore | storage-sync
    volumes:
      # 冒号左边改成 NAS 上的实际存图目录（飞牛示例：/vol1/1000/pichost-data）
      - ./data:/data
@@ -5,10 +5,6 @@ if [ "$1" = "reset-password" ]; then
  exec node /app/server/cli/reset-password.mjs "${@:2}"
 fi

-if [ "$1" = "migrate" ]; then
-  exec node /app/server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs "${@:2}"
-fi
-
 if [ "$1" = "slider" ]; then
  exec node /app/server/cli/slider.mjs "${@:2}"
 fi
@@ -17,4 +13,16 @@ if [ "$1" = "clear-domains" ]; then
  exec node /app/server/cli/clear-domains.mjs "${@:2}"
 fi

+if [ "$1" = "backup-export" ]; then
+  exec node /app/server/cli/backup-export.mjs "${@:2}"
+fi
+
+if [ "$1" = "backup-restore" ]; then
+  exec node /app/server/cli/backup-restore.mjs "${@:2}"
+fi
+
+if [ "$1" = "storage-sync" ]; then
+  exec node /app/server/cli/storage-sync.mjs "${@:2}"
+fi
+
 exec node /app/.output/server/index.mjs "$@"
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ const zhSidebar = [
    text: '升级',
    items: [
      { text: '更新日志', link: '/guide/changelog' },
-      { text: 'v1.2 迁移', link: '/guide/migration' },
      { text: '常见问题', link: '/guide/faq' }
    ]
  }
@@ -71,7 +70,6 @@ const enSidebar = [
    text: 'Upgrade',
    items: [
      { text: 'Changelog', link: '/en/guide/changelog' },
-      { text: 'v1.2 migration', link: '/en/guide/migration' },
      { text: 'FAQ', link: '/en/guide/faq' }
    ]
  }
@@ -159,15 +159,12 @@ Version history and notable changes. The full log is also in the repo root [CHAN

 ### Changed

- All images under `data/images/`; legacy `blog/` / `twikoo/` need migration
+- All images under `data/images/`; parallel top-level folders beside `images` are no longer used

 ### Added

- CLI: `docker exec pichost migrate` / `migrate --apply`
 - Startup index sync (disk scan, legacy key normalization, orphan cleanup)

-See [v1.2 migration](./migration.md).
-
 ---

 ## [1.1.x] summary
@@ -61,21 +61,21 @@ Recommended: run PicHost on origin; use **proxied DNS** (and optional **R2** sto
 - Always open admin on the **site hostname**, not mixed with `localhost`
 - See [Dual-domain separation](./domain-separation.md)

-## Undeletable gallery items after v1.2 upgrade?
+## Undeletable gallery items?

-Likely **orphan index** rows (no file on disk). Startup sync removes them on restart. See [v1.2 migration](./migration.md#step-2-startup-index-sync-automatic).
+Likely **orphan index** rows (no file on disk). Startup sync removes them on restart; you can also delete them from the gallery.

-## Do I still need `data/blog/` after migration?
+## How do I back up or migrate the full site?

-After `migrate --apply`, files live under `data/images/blog/`. Remove leftover empty dirs after backup if you like; dirs with non-image files are kept by the CLI.
+From v1.3.0, use **Storage → Backup & migration**, or CLI:

-## Object storage only — run migrate?
+```bash
+docker exec pichost backup-export
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+```

-No. Skip the CLI; startup sync focuses on local `data/images/` scanning.
-
-## Replace old image URLs in posts?
-
-Use `data/mapping.json` from `migrate` preview. Keys are **storage paths**, not full legacy URLs. See [Migration](./migration.md#urls).
+Packages include the database and all images but **not** cloud storage secrets — re-enter them on the Storage page after restore. See [Storage → Backup & migration](./storage.md#backup--migration-v130).

 ## Skip login during development?

@@ -33,10 +33,18 @@ See `docker-compose.yml` in the repository.
 ## First-time setup

 1. Open your instance URL (Docker default `http://<host>:6892`).
-2. Complete `/setup` with admin username and password.
+2. On `/setup`, choose **Create admin** or **Restore backup**:
+   - **Create admin** — username, password, optional registration and dual-domain options.
+   - **Restore backup** — upload a `.phost.tar.gz` full-site package (replaces current data; re-enter cloud storage secrets after restore).
 3. (Optional) Configure site URL, image URL, Referer rules — see [Environment variables](./configuration.md) and [Dual-domain separation](./domain-separation.md).
 4. Upload from the home page; use the top nav for **Gallery**, **Storage** (admin), **Settings**, and **API**.

+| Create admin | Restore from backup |
+| :----------: | :-----------------: |
+| ![Setup](/screenshots/setup.png) | ![Setup restore](/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
+For an already-initialized instance, use [Storage → Backup & migration](./storage.md#backup--migration-v130) instead of `/setup`.
+
 ## Sign in

 Management pages (upload, gallery, settings, etc.) require login. Enter username and password, complete the verification challenge, then click **Sign in**.
@@ -80,12 +88,6 @@ docker exec pichost clear-domains

 Local: `npm run clear-domains`. See [FAQ — Admin 404 after dual-domain setup](./faq.md#admin-404--locked-out-after-dual-domain-setup).

-## Upgrading to v1.2.0
-
-If `data/` has legacy top-level folders next to `images` (e.g. `blog/`, `twikoo/`), read the [v1.2 migration guide](./migration.md) first.
-
-Object-storage-only or files already under `data/images/` — pull the new image and restart.
-
 ## Next steps

 - [Local development](./local-dev.md)
@@ -12,16 +12,20 @@ Welcome to the PicHost user guide. This site is the single source of truth; the

 ## Screenshots

-**main** has no public demo. Below are current product screenshots (v1.2.5+).
+**main** has no public demo. Below are current product screenshots (v1.3.0+).

-| API | Gallery |
-| :-: | :-----: |
+| API | Gallery (detail) |
+| :-: | :--------------: |
 | ![API](/screenshots/api.png) | ![Gallery](/screenshots/gallery.png) |

 | Storage | Settings |
 | :-----: | :-------: |
 | ![Storage](/screenshots/storage.png) | ![Settings](/screenshots/settings-en.png) |

+| First-time setup | Restore from backup |
+| :--------------: | :-----------------: |
+| ![Setup](/screenshots/setup.png) | ![Setup restore](/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
 | Activity log |
 | :----------: |
 | ![Activity log](/screenshots/logs.png) |
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ Open `http://localhost:3000/setup` to create the admin account. Data directory d
 | `npm run reset-password` | Reset password (optional username) |
 | `npm run slider` | Reset login verification to local slider |
 | `npm run clear-domains` | Clear site/image URL settings from DB (recover from dual-domain lockout) |
-| `npm run migrate` | Preview legacy dir migration (`-- --apply` to run) |

 ## Dev-only variables

@@ -53,4 +52,4 @@ npm run docs:build
 npm run docs:preview
 ```

-Sources live in `docs-site/`; screenshot sources are in `docs/screenshots/` (including `login.png`), copied to `docs-site/public/screenshots/` before build. Live docs: <https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/>
+Sources live in `docs-site/`; screenshot sources are in `docs/screenshots/` (including `login.png`, `setup.png`, `setup-restore.png`, etc.), copied to `docs-site/public/screenshots/` before build. Live docs: <https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/>
@@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
-# v1.2.0 local disk migration guide
-
-From v1.2.0, **all local image files** live under `data/images/`; SQLite `keys` also start with `images/`. Legacy top-level folders next to `images` (e.g. `data/blog/`, `data/twikoo/`) are no longer used.
-
-Migration is **two steps**: run the **CLI** to move files on disk, then let **startup sync** align the SQLite index.
-
---
-
-## Migrating from other image hosts (EasyImage, Lsky, Chevereto, …)
-
-There is **no** dedicated “pull from URLs” or “import via vendor API” tool. Moving from **legacy PicHost** or **another self-hosted** install uses the same **local file** workflow:
-
-1. Locate the **image files** on the old server (copy the tree, not just the database).
-2. Place them under PicHost `data/` as a **top-level folder** next to `images` (any name — it becomes `images/{name}/...`).
-3. Run `migrate` / `migrate --apply`, then restart PicHost.
-
-| Source | Typical path on old server | After copy into PicHost |
-| ------ | -------------------------- | ----------------------- |
-| PicHost v1.1.x | `data/blog/`, `data/twikoo/` | Already under `data/` → run `migrate` |
-| EasyImage(s) | `i/` or `upload/` | e.g. `data/easyimage/` → `migrate` |
-| Lsky | `public/uploads/` etc. | e.g. `data/lsky/` → `migrate` |
-| Chevereto etc. | `images/` or `content/` | e.g. `data/chevereto/` → `migrate` |
-| Custom | your folder name | `data/your-folder/` → `migrate` |
-
-The CLI scans **every top-level directory under `data/` except `images`**, not only `blog` / `twikoo`.
-
-**Limits:** files only — accounts, tokens, and old public URLs are not imported. `mapping.json` maps old **storage keys**, not full old-site URLs. For S3/R2-only legacy hosts, sync blobs to `data/…` or attach the bucket in PicHost **Storage** settings.
-
---
-
-## Layout before and after
-
-### Before (typical v1.1.x)
-
-```
-/data
-├── pichost.db
-├── blog/
-│   └── 2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp
-├── twikoo/
-└── images/
-```
-
-Index keys might look like `blog/2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp`.
-
-### After (v1.2.0)
-
-```
-/data
-├── pichost.db
-├── mapping.json
-└── images/
-    ├── blog/
-    │   └── 2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp
-    └── twikoo/
-```
-
-Index key: `images/blog/2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp`.
-
---
-
-## Step 1: CLI file migration
-
-Run **before or after** upgrading the image; backup `data/` first.
-
-```bash
-docker exec pichost migrate          # preview + mapping.json
-docker exec pichost migrate --apply  # move files
-```
-
-Local: `npm run migrate` / `npm run migrate -- --apply`.
-
-| Item | Behavior |
-| ---- | -------- |
-| Scan | Every top-level directory under `data/` **except `images`** |
-| Target | `data/images/{original-top-dir}/{relative-path}` |
-| Extensions | jpg, jpeg, png, webp, gif, svg, ico |
-| Sidecar | `.meta.json` next to an image is moved if present |
-| Other files | Not moved; parent directory kept if anything remains |
-| Mapping | `data/mapping.json` — old key → new key |
-
-Script: `server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs`.
-
---
-
-## Step 2: Startup index sync (automatic)
-
-Runs on every start (`npm run dev`, Docker). No manual command.
-
-```text
-[INFO] 开始同步图片索引：扫描本地磁盘 ...
-[INFO] 磁盘扫描完成：...
-[INFO] 开始归一化遗留图片路径 ...
-[INFO] 开始校验索引与磁盘一致性，清理无文件的孤儿记录
-[INFO] 图片索引同步结束
-```
-
-| Step | Purpose |
-| ---- | ------- |
-| Scan `data/images/` | Insert missing index rows for files on disk |
-| Normalize legacy keys | `blog/...` → `images/blog/...` when files are in place |
-| Purge orphans | Remove index rows with no file on disk |
-| Repair Content-Type | Fix `application/octet-stream` entries |
-
-The CLI only **moves files**. Index alignment runs at startup — **restart** after `migrate --apply`.
-
---
-
-## Recommended upgrade flow
-
-1. Backup `data/`.
-2. `docker exec pichost migrate` — review output and `mapping.json`.
-3. `docker exec pichost migrate --apply`.
-4. Deploy v1.2.0 and restart.
-5. Check logs for successful index sync.
-6. Use `mapping.json` to update external URLs if needed.
-
-Skip step 1 if you only use object storage or everything is already under `data/images/`.
-
---
-
-## URLs
-
-| Old key | `blog/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp` |
-| New key | `images/blog/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp` |
-
-With “hide folder” mode, short URLs like `/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp` may still resolve by filename. Use `mapping.json` for bulk replacements.
-
-Chinese version: [v1.2 迁移指南](/guide/migration)
@@ -54,13 +54,48 @@ Copied links use **IMAGE_BASE_URL**. “Hide folder prefix” may shorten URLs;
 ## Usage & gallery filter

 - Per-backend usage on the Storage page
- Gallery filters by **storage backend** and **upload source**; grid/list view toggle
+- Gallery filters by **storage backend** and **upload source**; grid/list view toggle; click a thumbnail for the detail modal (dimensions, storage path, link formats)

-## Backup
+## Backup & migration (v1.3.0+)

-Back up `data/images/`, `data/pichost.db`, and bucket objects.
+The **Backup & migration** panel has three action cards and a paginated **Recent jobs** table below:

-Upgrading from v1.1.x with parallel folders: [v1.2 migration](./migration.md).
+| Feature | Description |
+| ------- | ------------- |
+| **Create site backup** | Export `.phost.tar.gz` with `pichost.db` and all images (including objects on cloud backends); shows estimated size and package contents |
+| **Restore from backup** | Upload locally or pick an existing package under `data/backups/`, preview, then confirm; skip or overwrite conflicting images |
+| **Cross-backend sync** | Copy images between configured backends and update the index; shows pending count/size, dry-run, optional delete-source and set-default |
+
+![Backup & migration](/screenshots/storage.png)
+
+- Exports are saved under `data/backups/`; only one backup/migration job may run at a time
+- Job list supports pagination; download exports, view restore summaries, retry failed sync jobs
+- Packages **do not** include cloud storage secrets — re-enter them on the Storage page after restore
+- Uninitialized instances can use the **Restore backup** tab on `/setup` (always overwrite mode)
+
+![Setup restore](/screenshots/setup-restore.png)
+
+### CLI
+
+```bash
+docker exec pichost backup-export
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz --overwrite
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --set-default
+```
+
+Local development (project root):
+
+```bash
+npm run backup-export
+npm run backup-restore -- data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+npm run storage-sync -- --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+```
+
+### Manual backup
+
+You can still back up `data/images/`, `data/pichost.db`, and bucket objects directly; prefer the full-site export above.

 ## See also

@@ -159,15 +159,12 @@ PicHost 版本历史与重要变更说明。完整记录亦见仓库根目录 [C

 ### 变更

- 图片统一存放在 `data/images/`；遗留 `blog/`、`twikoo/` 等并列目录需迁移
+- 图片统一存放在 `data/images/`；不再使用与 `images` 并列的顶层目录

 ### 新增

- CLI：`docker exec pichost migrate` / `migrate --apply`
 - 启动时自动同步图片索引（扫描磁盘、归一化遗留 key、清理孤儿记录）

-详见 [v1.2 迁移](./migration.md)。
-
 ---

 ## [1.1.x] 摘要
@@ -62,21 +62,21 @@ docker exec pichost clear-domains
 - 后台请用 **网站域名** 打开，不要用 `localhost` 混用
 - 见 [双域名分离](./domain-separation.md)

-## 升级 v1.2 后图库有删不掉的记录？
+## 图库有删不掉的记录？

-可能是 **孤儿索引**（有记录无文件）。重启后启动同步会自动清理；也可手动删除仅索引项。见 [v1.2 迁移](./migration.md#第二步启动时自动同步索引)。
+可能是 **孤儿索引**（有记录无文件）。重启后启动同步会自动清理；也可在图库中手动删除。

-## 遗留 `data/blog/` 目录还要吗？
+## 如何备份与迁移整站？

-执行 `migrate --apply` 后文件已迁入 `data/images/blog/`。若原目录只剩空壳或非图片文件，可自行备份后删除；迁移脚本不会删除仍含非图片文件的目录。
+v1.3.0 起在 **存储** 页使用「备份与迁移」面板，或 CLI：

-## 只用对象存储需要跑 migrate 吗？
+```bash
+docker exec pichost backup-export
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+```

-不需要。图片在桶内时跳过 CLI；启动同步主要面向本地 `data/images/` 磁盘扫描。
-
-## 如何替换博客里的旧图片 URL？
-
-使用 `data/mapping.json`（`migrate` 预览时生成）批量替换旧 key。注意映射的是 **存储 key**，不是完整旧站 URL。见 [迁移指南](./migration.md#外链与直链)。
+备份包含数据库与全部图片，**不含** 云存储密钥；恢复后请在存储页重新填写。详见 [存储 → 备份与迁移](./storage.md#备份与迁移v130)。

 ## 开发时如何跳过登录？

@@ -33,10 +33,18 @@ docker compose up -d
 ## 首次设置

 1. 访问实例 URL（Docker 默认 `http://<主机>:6892`）。
-2. 在 `/setup` 填写管理员用户名与密码。
+2. 在 `/setup` 选择 **创建管理员** 或 **从备份恢复**：
+   - **创建管理员**：填写用户名与密码，可选开放注册、双域名等。
+   - **从备份恢复**：上传 `.phost.tar.gz` 整站备份包（覆盖当前数据；云存储密钥需恢复后重新填写）。
 3. （可选）配置网站域名、图片域名、防盗链等 — 详见 [环境变量](./configuration.md) 与 [双域名分离](./domain-separation.md)。
 4. 登录后可在首页上传图片；顶栏可进入 **图库**、**存储**（管理员）、**设置**、**API**。

+| 创建管理员 | 从备份恢复 |
+| :--------: | :--------: |
+| ![首次设置](/screenshots/setup.png) | ![从备份恢复](/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
+已初始化实例请使用 [存储 → 备份与迁移](./storage.md#备份与迁移v130) 恢复，而非 setup 页。
+
 ## 登录

 访问上传、图库、设置等管理页面前需登录。在登录卡片中填写用户名与密码，完成人机验证后点击 **登录**。
@@ -83,12 +91,6 @@ docker exec pichost clear-domains

 本地：`npm run clear-domains`。详见 [常见问题 — 双域名配置后后台 404](./faq.md#双域名配置后后台-404-进不去)。

-## 升级到 v1.2.0
-
-若 `data/` 下存在与 `images` 并列的遗留目录（如 `blog/`、`twikoo/`），升级前请阅读 [v1.2 迁移指南](./migration.md)。
-
-仅对象存储、或图片已在 `data/images/` 下时，拉取新镜像并重启即可。
-
 ## 下一步

 - [本地开发](./local-dev.md) — `npm run dev` 与 `.env`
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@

 ## 截图预览

-**main** 分支暂无公网演示，以下为当前产品界面（v1.2.5+）。
+**main** 分支暂无公网演示，以下为当前产品界面（v1.3.0+）。

-| API | 图库 |
+| API | 图库（详情） |
 | :-: | :-: |
 | ![API](/screenshots/api.png) | ![图库](/screenshots/gallery.png) |

@@ -22,6 +22,10 @@
 | :------: | :--------: |
 | ![存储管理](/screenshots/storage.png) | ![设置与偏好](/screenshots/settings.png) |

+| 首次设置 | 从备份恢复 |
+| :------: | :--------: |
+| ![首次设置](/screenshots/setup.png) | ![从备份恢复](/screenshots/setup-restore.png) |
+
 | 操作日志 |
 | :------: |
 | ![操作日志](/screenshots/logs.png) |
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ npm run dev
 | `npm run reset-password` | 重置密码（可选用户名） |
 | `npm run slider` | 将登录验证重置为本地滑块 |
 | `npm run clear-domains` | 清除数据库中的网站域 / 图片域配置（双域名锁死时恢复） |
-| `npm run migrate` | 预览遗留目录迁移（加 `-- --apply` 执行） |

 ## 开发专用环境变量

@@ -53,4 +52,4 @@ npm run docs:build    # 构建静态站点
 npm run docs:preview  # 预览构建结果
 ```

-文档源码在 `docs-site/`；截图源文件在 `docs/screenshots/`（含 `login.png` 登录页），构建前会复制到 `docs-site/public/screenshots/`。在线文档：<https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/>
+文档源码在 `docs-site/`；截图源文件在 `docs/screenshots/`（含 `login.png`、`setup.png`、`setup-restore.png` 等），构建前会复制到 `docs-site/public/screenshots/`。在线文档：<https://o96u.github.io/PicHost/>
@@ -1,176 +0,0 @@
-# v1.2.0 本地磁盘迁移指南
-
-v1.2.0 起，**所有本地图片文件**统一放在 `data/images/` 下；SQLite `images` 表中的 `key` 也以 `images/` 开头。旧版在 `data/blog/`、`data/twikoo/` 等与 `images` **并列的顶层目录**不再符合新模型。
-
-迁移分 **两步**：先用手动 CLI **搬文件**，再由服务 **启动时自动同步索引**。
-
---
-
-## 从其它图床迁入（EasyImage / 兰空 / Chevereto 等）
-
-**没有**单独的「一键从外链拉取」或「对接某某图床 API」工具。从 **PicHost 旧版** 或其它自托管图床迁入，走的是同一套 **本地文件迁移**：
-
-1. 在旧图床服务器上找到图片**物理目录**（整目录拷贝，不要只拷数据库）。
-2. 把该目录放到 PicHost 的 `data/` 下，作为与 `images` **并列的顶层文件夹**（文件夹名任意，会保留为 `images/{文件夹名}/...`）。
-3. 执行 `migrate` / `migrate --apply`，再重启 PicHost。
-
-### 常见来源示例
-
-| 来源 | 典型图片目录（在旧服务器上） | 放入 PicHost 后示例 |
-| ---- | ---------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| PicHost v1.1.x | `data/blog/`、`data/twikoo/` | 已在 `data/` 下，直接 `migrate` |
-| EasyImage / EasyImages | `i/` 或安装目录下的 `upload/` | 拷到 `data/easyimage/` 再 `migrate` |
-| 兰空图床 (Lsky) | `public/uploads/` 等 | 拷到 `data/lsky/` 再 `migrate` |
-| Chevereto 等 | `images/` 或 `content/` | 拷到 `data/chevereto/` 再 `migrate` |
-| 任意自定义目录 | 你的顶层文件夹名 | 拷到 `data/你的目录名/` 再 `migrate` |
-
-脚本会扫描 `data/` 下**除 `images` 外所有顶层目录**里的图片，不限于 `blog` / `twikoo`。子目录结构会原样保留在 `images/{顶层名}/` 下。
-
-### 操作示例（Docker）
-
-```bash
-# 在宿主机：把从旧图床打包的目录放进挂载卷（名称自定）
-# 例如：./data/easyimage/2026/01/photo.jpg
-
-docker exec pichost migrate          # 预览
-docker exec pichost migrate --apply
-# 重启容器 → 启动日志会补全 SQLite 索引
-```
-
-### 说明与限制
-
- **只迁移文件**：旧图床的账号、Token、外链 URL **不会**自动导入；`mapping.json` 里的 key 是「旧磁盘相对 key → 新 key」，**不是**旧站完整 URL，替换外链需自行对照。
- **对象存储**：若旧图床图片在 S3/R2 桶里，请用桶工具同步到本地 `data/某目录/`，或直接在 PicHost **存储**页配置同一桶（不经过本 CLI）。
- **已直接在 `data/images/` 下**：无需 `migrate`，重启后启动同步会自动建索引。
-
---
-
-## 存储结构对比
-
-### 迁移前（v1.1.x 常见）
-
-```
-/data
-├── pichost.db
-├── blog/
-│   └── 2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp
-├── twikoo/
-│   └── xxx.webp
-└── images/          # 可能已有部分新图
-    └── ...
-```
-
-SQLite 中 `key` 可能是 `blog/2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp`（与磁盘顶层目录一致）。
-
-### 迁移后（v1.2.0）
-
-```
-/data
-├── pichost.db
-├── mapping.json     # CLI 生成：旧 key → 新 key（供替换外链）
-└── images/
-    ├── blog/
-    │   └── 2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp
-    ├── twikoo/
-    │   └── xxx.webp
-    └── ...            # 新上传：images/随机ID.webp 或 images/年/月/随机ID.webp
-```
-
-对应 `key`：`images/blog/2026/08/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp`。
-
---
-
-## 第一步：CLI 迁移磁盘文件
-
-在 **升级镜像之前或之后**均可执行；建议在升级前完成，并先备份整个 `data/` 目录。
-
-### Docker
-
-```bash
-# 预览：列出待迁移文件，写入 data/mapping.json（旧 key → 新 key）
-docker exec pichost migrate
-
-# 确认无误后执行文件移动
-docker exec pichost migrate --apply
-```
-
-### 本地开发
-
-```bash
-npm run migrate              # 预览
-npm run migrate -- --apply   # 执行
-```
-
-### 脚本行为
-
-| 项目 | 说明 |
-| ---- | ---- |
-| 扫描范围 | `data/` 下**除 `images` 外所有顶层目录**（不限于 blog/twikoo） |
-| 迁移目标 | `data/images/{原顶层目录名}/{相对路径}` |
-| 图片类型 | `.jpg` `.jpeg` `.png` `.webp` `.gif` `.svg` `.ico` |
-| 伴随文件 | 若存在同名的 `.meta.json` 会一并移动 |
-| 非图片文件 | 不移动；若目录内仍有其它文件，**保留原目录**不删除 |
-| 映射表 | `data/mapping.json`，例如 `"blog/foo.webp": "images/blog/foo.webp"` |
-
-脚本路径：`server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs`。
-
---
-
-## 第二步：启动时自动同步索引
-
-每次 PicHost 启动（`npm run dev`、Docker 容器启动）会自动执行，**无需手动命令**。日志示例：
-
-```text
-[INFO] 开始同步图片索引：扫描本地磁盘 {"path":".../data/images/"}
-[INFO] 磁盘扫描完成：已补全缺失索引 {"inserted":3}
-[INFO] 开始归一化遗留图片路径（如 blog/ → images/blog/）
-[INFO] 遗留路径归一化完成：无需调整
-[INFO] 开始校验索引与磁盘一致性，清理无文件的孤儿记录
-[INFO] 孤儿索引清理完成：未发现孤儿记录
-[INFO] 开始修复存量 Content-Type 元数据
-[INFO] Content-Type 修复完成：无需修复
-[INFO] 图片索引同步结束
-```
-
-| 步骤 | 作用 |
-| ---- | ---- |
-| 扫描 `data/images/` | 磁盘上有、索引里没有 → **补全** `images` 表 |
-| 归一化遗留 key | 将 `blog/...` 等旧 key 更新为 `images/blog/...`（文件已在正确路径时） |
-| 清理孤儿索引 | 索引里有记录、磁盘无文件 → **删除**幽灵记录（避免图库出现删不掉的项） |
-| 修复 Content-Type | 修正错误的 `application/octet-stream` |
-
-CLI 只负责**搬文件**；索引对齐、遗留 key、孤儿记录由启动同步处理。执行 `migrate --apply` 后**重启一次**服务即可。
-
---
-
-## 推荐升级流程
-
-1. **备份** `data/`（含 `pichost.db` 与各目录）。
-2. `docker exec pichost migrate` 预览，检查输出与 `mapping.json`。
-3. `docker exec pichost migrate --apply` 执行迁移。
-4. 拉取 / 部署 **v1.2.0** 镜像并重启容器。
-5. 查看启动日志，确认「图片索引同步结束」无报错。
-6. 用 `mapping.json` 批量替换博客、Twikoo 等外链中的旧路径（若需要）。
-
-仅使用对象存储、或图片早已全部在 `data/images/` 下时，**跳过第一步**；第二步仍会在启动时运行，通常几秒内完成且无变更日志。
-
---
-
-## 外链与直链
-
-| 场景 | 说明 |
-| ---- | ---- |
-| 旧 key | `blog/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp` |
-| 新 key | `images/blog/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp` |
-| 隐藏目录模式 | 若开启「隐藏 images 前缀」，短链可能为 `/TeKJ2fD6cB6j.webp`；服务按文件名反查索引 |
-| 替换建议 | 以 `mapping.json` 为准；或重新在图库复制新链接 |
-
---
-
-## 相关命令
-
-| 命令 | 说明 |
-| ---- | ---- |
-| `docker exec pichost migrate` | 预览磁盘迁移 |
-| `docker exec pichost migrate --apply` | 执行磁盘迁移 |
-| `docker exec pichost reset-password` | 重置密码（与迁移无关） |
@@ -56,17 +56,53 @@ PicHost 支持 **本地磁盘** 与 **S3 兼容对象存储**（Cloudflare R2、
 ## 用量与筛选

 - 存储页展示各后端用量（本地扫描目录，对象存储查询 API）
- 图库可按 **存储后端**、**上传来源** 筛选，支持网格/列表视图切换
+- 图库可按 **存储后端**、**上传来源** 筛选，支持网格/列表视图切换；点击图片打开详情弹窗（尺寸、存储路径、多格式链接复制）

-## 备份
+## 备份与迁移（v1.3.0+）

-请同时备份：
+存储页 **备份与迁移** 面板包含三张功能卡与下方 **最近任务** 列表：

- `data/images/`（本地后端）
- `data/pichost.db`
- 各云桶中的对象
+| 能力 | 说明 |
+| ---- | ---- |
+| **创建站点备份** | 导出 `.phost.tar.gz`，含 `pichost.db` 与全部图片（含云存储中的对象）；展示预计体积与备份包含项 |
+| **从备份恢复** | 本地上传或选择 `data/backups/` 内已有包，预检后确认；可选跳过/覆盖冲突图片 |
+| **跨后端同步** | 在已配置后端间拷贝图片并更新索引；展示待迁移数量与体积，支持预检、删源、设默认 |

-从 v1.1.x 升级且存在 `data/blog/` 等并列目录时，见 [v1.2 迁移](./migration.md)。
+![备份与迁移](/screenshots/storage.png)
+
+- 导出文件保存在 `data/backups/`；后端同一时间仅允许一个进行中的备份/迁移任务
+- 任务列表支持分页，可下载导出包、查看恢复结果、重试失败的同步任务
+- 备份包 **不含** 云存储 Access Key / Secret Key，恢复后请在存储页重新填写
+- 未初始化实例可在 **setup** 页 **从备份恢复** 标签上传整站包（始终覆盖模式）
+
+![从备份恢复（setup）](/screenshots/setup-restore.png)
+
+### CLI
+
+```bash
+# 导出整站备份
+docker exec pichost backup-export
+
+# 从备份恢复（默认跳过冲突图片）
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+docker exec pichost backup-restore /data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz --overwrite
+
+# 跨后端同步
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx --set-default
+```
+
+本地开发（项目根目录）：
+
+```bash
+npm run backup-export
+npm run backup-restore -- data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+npm run storage-sync -- --from local --to s3-xxx --dry-run
+```
+
+### 手动备份
+
+仍可同时备份 `data/images/`（本地后端）、`data/pichost.db` 与各云桶中的对象；推荐使用上文整站导出。

 ## 相关

@@ -110,7 +110,18 @@
    "migrateSubmit": "Complete migration",
    "initSubmit": "Create and continue",
    "migrateSuccess": "Migration complete",
-    "initSuccess": "Setup complete"
+    "initSuccess": "Setup complete",
+    "restoreTitle": "Restore from backup",
+    "restoreSubtitle": "Upload a .phost.tar.gz to restore the full site",
+    "restoreHint": "Restore replaces all current data. Cloud storage secrets are not in the backup—re-enter them on the Storage page after sign-in.",
+    "restoreUpload": "Choose backup file",
+    "restoreSubmit": "Start restore",
+    "restoreProgress": "Restoring… {progress}/{total}",
+    "restoreSuccess": "Restore complete. Sign in with the admin account from the backup.",
+    "restoreFailed": "Restore failed",
+    "restoreSecretsHint": "Cloud storage secrets are not in the backup. Re-enter them on the Storage page after sign-in.",
+    "modeInit": "Create admin",
+    "modeRestore": "Restore backup"
  },
  "register": {
    "title": "Register",
@@ -388,7 +399,125 @@
    "deleteConfirmBody": "Delete “{name}”? This cannot be undone.",
    "secretsRequired": "Access Key and Secret Key are required for new storage",
    "manageStorage": "Manage object storage",
-    "manageStorageHint": "Configure R2 / S3 / COS backends and URL serving"
+    "manageStorageHint": "Configure R2 / S3 / COS backends and URL serving",
+    "backup": {
+      "sectionTitle": "Backup & migration",
+      "sectionSubtitle": "Full-site backup, restore, and cross-backend image migration",
+      "siteTitle": "Site backup & restore",
+      "siteSubtitle": "For migration, disaster recovery, and full-site restore",
+      "siteFooterHint": "Backups include the database and images, not plain-text secret_json.",
+      "exportTitle": "Create site backup",
+      "exportSubtitle": "Package the database and all images as .phost.tar.gz",
+      "exportAction": "Start backup",
+      "exportStarted": "Backup job started",
+      "exportFailed": "Failed to start backup",
+      "exportPathHint": "Exports are saved under data/backups/",
+      "exportIncludesTitle": "Package includes",
+      "exportIncludesDb": "Database snapshot (pichost.db)",
+      "exportIncludesImages": "All image files ({count})",
+      "exportExcludesSecrets": "Excludes plain-text secret.json for cloud storage",
+      "exportConcurrencyHint": "Only one backup or migration job can run at a time",
+      "estimateLoading": "Estimating size…",
+      "estimateImageCountLabel": "Images",
+      "estimatePackageSizeLabel": "Est. package",
+      "estimateDatabaseSnapshotLabel": "Database snapshot",
+      "estimateStoragePathLabel": "Save location",
+      "estimateStoragePathValue": "data/backups/",
+      "estimateImages": "{count} images · {size}",
+      "estimateDatabase": "Database ~{size}",
+      "estimateTotal": "Total ~{size}",
+      "restoreTitle": "Restore from backup",
+      "restoreSubtitle": "Upload or pick a .phost.tar.gz on the server, preview, then confirm",
+      "restoreUpload": "Choose backup file",
+      "restoreUploadLabel": "Upload from device",
+      "restoreUploadHint": "Click to select a .phost.tar.gz backup",
+      "restoreUploadAction": "Upload & restore",
+      "restoreServerAction": "Server backup",
+      "restoreServerPackages": "Server backups",
+      "restoreServerSelectPlaceholder": "Select a backup",
+      "restorePreview": "Preview",
+      "restorePreviewConfirm": "Preview & confirm",
+      "restoreConfirm": "Confirm restore",
+      "restoreConfirmTitle": "Confirm site restore",
+      "restoreConfirmSource": "Source: {name}",
+      "restoreOverwriteWarning": "Overwrite mode replaces conflicting images and the database. Ensure you have a current backup.",
+      "restoreSelectRequired": "Select or upload a backup file",
+      "restoreStarted": "Restore job started",
+      "restoreFailed": "Restore failed",
+      "conflictMode": "Conflict policy",
+      "conflictSkip": "Skip existing images",
+      "conflictOverwrite": "Overwrite existing images and database",
+      "syncTitle": "Cross-backend sync",
+      "syncMigrateTitle": "Cross-backend migration",
+      "syncMigrateSubtitle": "Migrate images between configured backends",
+      "syncSubtitle": "Copy images between configured backends and update the index",
+      "syncFrom": "Source backend",
+      "syncTo": "Target backend",
+      "syncPendingImages": "Images to migrate",
+      "syncPendingSize": "Est. size",
+      "syncIncludesTitle": "What sync does",
+      "syncIncludesCopy": "Copy image files from source to target backend",
+      "syncIncludesIndex": "Update storage_backend_id in the index",
+      "syncIncludesConfig": "Site settings and other backends are unchanged",
+      "syncDryRun": "Dry run only",
+      "syncSetDefaultAfter": "Set target as default after migration",
+      "syncStartMigrate": "Start migration",
+      "syncPreviewOnly": "Preview",
+      "syncFooterHint": "Only image files and index are migrated; site settings are unchanged.",
+      "syncDeleteSource": "Delete source files after sync",
+      "syncSetDefault": "Set target as default after sync",
+      "syncPreview": "Preview & start",
+      "syncConfirm": "Start sync",
+      "syncConfirmTitle": "Confirm cross-backend sync",
+      "syncDeleteWarning": "Source files will be deleted. This cannot be undone.",
+      "syncSelectRequired": "Select source and target backends",
+      "syncSameBackend": "Source and target must differ",
+      "syncStarted": "Sync job started",
+      "syncFailed": "Sync failed",
+      "previewFailed": "Preview failed",
+      "previewImages": "Images",
+      "previewNew": "New images",
+      "previewConflicts": "Conflicts",
+      "previewCreated": "Backup created",
+      "previewSize": "Data size",
+      "jobsTitle": "Recent jobs",
+      "jobsSubtitle": "Track backup, restore, and migration progress",
+      "jobsEmpty": "No backup or migration jobs yet",
+      "jobsEmptyHint": "Progress appears here after export, restore, or sync starts",
+      "jobsUnit": "jobs",
+      "colTask": "Task",
+      "colType": "Type",
+      "colStatus": "Status",
+      "colProgress": "Progress",
+      "colMessage": "Message",
+      "colCreated": "Created",
+      "colActions": "Actions",
+      "jobTypeExport": "Site export",
+      "jobTypeRestore": "Site restore",
+      "jobTypeSync": "Cross-backend sync",
+      "statusPending": "Pending",
+      "statusRunning": "Running",
+      "statusDone": "Done",
+      "statusFailed": "Failed",
+      "jobFailedUnknown": "Unknown error",
+      "download": "Download",
+      "jobView": "View",
+      "retry": "Retry",
+      "retryStarted": "Retry started",
+      "retryFailed": "Retry failed",
+      "jobRunning": "Another job is already running. Try again later.",
+      "migrateIn": "Migrate in",
+      "migrateOut": "Migrate out",
+      "migrateInHint": "Copy images from the default backend to this one",
+      "migrateOutHint": "Move images out of this backend",
+      "syncDraftApplied": "Sync form prefilled — review and start when ready",
+      "syncNeedTwoBackends": "At least two storage backends are required to sync",
+      "selectBackend": "Select backend",
+      "syncConfirmRoute": "{from} → {to}",
+      "cancel": "Cancel",
+      "cancelDone": "Job cancelled",
+      "cancelFailed": "Failed to cancel job"
+    }
  },
  "stats": {
    "title": "Gallery",
@@ -110,7 +110,18 @@
    "migrateSubmit": "完成迁移",
    "initSubmit": "创建并进入",
    "migrateSuccess": "账号迁移完成",
-    "initSuccess": "初始化完成"
+    "initSuccess": "初始化完成",
+    "restoreTitle": "从备份包恢复",
+    "restoreSubtitle": "上传 .phost.tar.gz 恢复整站数据",
+    "restoreHint": "恢复将覆盖当前全部数据。云存储密钥未包含在备份中，登录后请在存储页重新填写。",
+    "restoreUpload": "选择备份文件",
+    "restoreSubmit": "开始恢复",
+    "restoreProgress": "恢复中… {progress}/{total}",
+    "restoreSuccess": "恢复完成，请使用备份中的管理员账号登录",
+    "restoreFailed": "恢复失败",
+    "restoreSecretsHint": "云存储密钥未包含在备份中，登录后请在存储页重新填写",
+    "modeInit": "创建管理员",
+    "modeRestore": "从备份恢复"
  },
  "register": {
    "title": "注册账号",
@@ -388,7 +399,125 @@
    "deleteConfirmBody": "确定删除「{name}」？此操作不可撤销。",
    "secretsRequired": "新建存储需填写 Access Key 与 Secret Key",
    "manageStorage": "管理对象存储",
-    "manageStorageHint": "配置 R2 / S3 / COS 等多后端与直链策略"
+    "manageStorageHint": "配置 R2 / S3 / COS 等多后端与直链策略",
+    "backup": {
+      "sectionTitle": "备份与迁移",
+      "sectionSubtitle": "整站备份恢复与跨后端图片迁移",
+      "siteTitle": "站点备份与恢复",
+      "siteSubtitle": "用于换机、灾备与整站恢复",
+      "siteFooterHint": "备份包含数据库与图片，不包含 secret_json 明文。",
+      "exportTitle": "创建站点备份",
+      "exportSubtitle": "打包数据库与全部图片为 .phost.tar.gz",
+      "exportAction": "开始备份",
+      "exportStarted": "备份任务已开始",
+      "exportFailed": "创建备份失败",
+      "exportPathHint": "导出文件保存在 data/backups/",
+      "exportIncludesTitle": "备份包含",
+      "exportIncludesDb": "数据库快照（pichost.db）",
+      "exportIncludesImages": "全部图片文件（{count} 张）",
+      "exportExcludesSecrets": "不含云存储 secret.json 明文",
+      "exportConcurrencyHint": "同时仅可运行一个备份或迁移任务",
+      "estimateLoading": "正在估算体积…",
+      "estimateImageCountLabel": "图片总数",
+      "estimatePackageSizeLabel": "预计备份包",
+      "estimateDatabaseSnapshotLabel": "数据库快照",
+      "estimateStoragePathLabel": "保存位置",
+      "estimateStoragePathValue": "data/backups/",
+      "estimateImages": "图片 {count} 张 · {size}",
+      "estimateDatabase": "数据库约 {size}",
+      "estimateTotal": "合计约 {size}",
+      "restoreTitle": "从备份恢复",
+      "restoreSubtitle": "上传或选择服务器上的 .phost.tar.gz，预检后确认恢复",
+      "restoreUpload": "选择备份文件",
+      "restoreUploadLabel": "本地上传",
+      "restoreUploadHint": "点击选择 .phost.tar.gz 备份包",
+      "restoreUploadAction": "上传备份恢复",
+      "restoreServerAction": "选择服务器备份",
+      "restoreServerPackages": "服务器已有备份",
+      "restoreServerSelectPlaceholder": "选择备份包",
+      "restorePreview": "预检",
+      "restorePreviewConfirm": "预检并确认",
+      "restoreConfirm": "确认恢复",
+      "restoreConfirmTitle": "确认恢复站点",
+      "restoreConfirmSource": "来源：{name}",
+      "restoreOverwriteWarning": "覆盖模式将替换冲突图片与数据库，请确认已做好当前站点备份",
+      "restoreSelectRequired": "请选择或上传备份文件",
+      "restoreStarted": "恢复任务已开始",
+      "restoreFailed": "恢复失败",
+      "conflictMode": "冲突策略",
+      "conflictSkip": "跳过已存在图片",
+      "conflictOverwrite": "覆盖已存在图片与数据库",
+      "syncTitle": "跨后端同步",
+      "syncMigrateTitle": "跨后端迁移",
+      "syncMigrateSubtitle": "在已配置后端之间迁移图片",
+      "syncSubtitle": "在已配置的后端之间拷贝图片并更新索引",
+      "syncFrom": "源后端",
+      "syncTo": "目标后端",
+      "syncPendingImages": "待迁移图片",
+      "syncPendingSize": "预计体积",
+      "syncIncludesTitle": "同步说明",
+      "syncIncludesCopy": "拷贝源端图片文件到目标后端",
+      "syncIncludesIndex": "更新索引中的 storage_backend_id",
+      "syncIncludesConfig": "不修改站点配置与其它后端数据",
+      "syncDryRun": "仅预览 Dry Run",
+      "syncSetDefaultAfter": "迁移后设为默认后端",
+      "syncStartMigrate": "开始迁移",
+      "syncPreviewOnly": "预览",
+      "syncFooterHint": "仅迁移图片文件与索引，不影响站点配置。",
+      "syncDeleteSource": "同步后删除源端文件",
+      "syncSetDefault": "同步后将目标设为默认",
+      "syncPreview": "预检并开始",
+      "syncConfirm": "开始同步",
+      "syncConfirmTitle": "确认跨后端同步",
+      "syncDeleteWarning": "将删除源后端上的图片文件，此操作不可撤销",
+      "syncSelectRequired": "请选择源与目标后端",
+      "syncSameBackend": "源与目标不能相同",
+      "syncStarted": "同步任务已开始",
+      "syncFailed": "同步失败",
+      "previewFailed": "预检失败",
+      "previewImages": "图片数量",
+      "previewNew": "新增图片",
+      "previewConflicts": "冲突图片",
+      "previewCreated": "备份时间",
+      "previewSize": "数据量",
+      "jobsTitle": "最近任务",
+      "jobsSubtitle": "查看备份、恢复与迁移进度",
+      "jobsEmpty": "暂无备份或迁移任务",
+      "jobsEmptyHint": "导出、恢复或同步开始后，进度会显示在这里",
+      "jobsUnit": "条任务",
+      "colTask": "任务",
+      "colType": "类型",
+      "colStatus": "状态",
+      "colProgress": "进度",
+      "colMessage": "说明",
+      "colCreated": "创建时间",
+      "colActions": "操作",
+      "jobTypeExport": "站点导出",
+      "jobTypeRestore": "站点恢复",
+      "jobTypeSync": "跨后端同步",
+      "statusPending": "等待中",
+      "statusRunning": "进行中",
+      "statusDone": "已完成",
+      "statusFailed": "失败",
+      "jobFailedUnknown": "未知错误",
+      "download": "下载",
+      "jobView": "查看",
+      "retry": "重试",
+      "retryStarted": "重试任务已开始",
+      "retryFailed": "重试失败",
+      "jobRunning": "已有任务正在运行，请稍后再试",
+      "migrateIn": "迁入",
+      "migrateOut": "迁出",
+      "migrateInHint": "从默认后端拷贝图片到此后端",
+      "migrateOutHint": "将图片从此后端迁出",
+      "syncDraftApplied": "已填入同步表单，请确认后开始",
+      "syncNeedTwoBackends": "至少需要两个存储后端才能同步",
+      "selectBackend": "选择后端",
+      "syncConfirmRoute": "{from} → {to}",
+      "cancel": "取消",
+      "cancelDone": "任务已取消",
+      "cancelFailed": "取消任务失败"
+    }
  },
  "stats": {
    "title": "图库",
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@
        "cap-widget": "^0.1.57",
        "nuxt": "^4.4.8",
        "sharp": "^0.35.3",
-        "tailwindcss": "^4.3.1"
+        "tailwindcss": "^4.3.1",
+        "tar": "^7.5.22"
      },
      "devDependencies": {
        "@nuxt/eslint": "^1.16.0",
        "@types/node": "^22.15.0",
+        "@types/tar": "^6.1.13",
        "eslint": "^10.6.0",
        "mermaid": "^11.17.2",
        "typescript": "^6.0.3",
@@ -8772,6 +8774,27 @@
      "integrity": "sha512-60BCwRFOZCQhDncwQdxxeOEEkbc5dIMccYLwbxsS4TUNeVECQ/pBJ0j09mrHOl/JJvpRPGwO9SvE4nR2Nb/a4Q==",
      "license": "MIT"
    },
+    "node_modules/@types/tar": {
+      "version": "6.1.13",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmmirror.com/@types/tar/-/tar-6.1.13.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-IznnlmU5f4WcGTh2ltRu/Ijpmk8wiWXfF0VA4s+HPjHZgvFggk1YaIkbo5krX/zUCzWF8N/l4+W/LNxnvAJ8nw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "@types/node": "*",
+        "minipass": "^4.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/@types/tar/node_modules/minipass": {
+      "version": "4.2.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmmirror.com/minipass/-/minipass-4.2.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-fNzuVyifolSLFL4NzpF+wEF4qrgqaaKX0haXPQEdQ7NKAN+WecoKMHV09YcuL/DHxrUsYQOK3MiuDf7Ip2OXfQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=8"
+      }
+    },
    "node_modules/@types/trusted-types": {
      "version": "2.0.7",
      "resolved": "https://registry.npmmirror.com/@types/trusted-types/-/trusted-types-2.0.7.tgz",
@@ -18797,9 +18820,9 @@
      }
    },
    "node_modules/tar": {
-      "version": "7.5.20",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmmirror.com/tar/-/tar-7.5.20.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-9FcyK4PA6+WbzlTM9WhQm6vB5W7cP7dUiPsv1g7YDwEQnQ1CGpK3MGlKk/ITVWMk05kHZuBhmVhiv8LZoy/PFQ==",
+      "version": "7.5.22",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmmirror.com/tar/-/tar-7.5.22.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-MFO/QzvtAOmJbkhOaCTvbGcFN9L9b+JunIsDwaKljSOdcLMea3NJ1k9Usz/rjdfSXTq4dfzfeS7W4p4YOAAHeA==",
      "license": "BlueOak-1.0.0",
      "dependencies": {
        "@isaacs/fs-minipass": "^4.0.0",
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "pichost",
-  "version": "1.2.8",
+  "version": "1.3.0",
  "description": "Self-hosted image hosting for your NAS / home server — Nuxt admin UI, local disk or S3-compatible storage, server-side WebP compression, referer protection, Twikoo/EasyImage compatible.",
  "homepage": "https://github.com/O96u/PicHost#readme",
  "repository": {
@@ -34,9 +34,11 @@
    "test:watch": "vitest",
    "start": "node .output/server/index.mjs",
    "reset-password": "node server/cli/reset-password.mjs",
-    "migrate": "node server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs",
    "slider": "node server/cli/slider.mjs",
    "clear-domains": "node server/cli/clear-domains.mjs",
+    "backup-export": "node server/cli/backup-export.mjs",
+    "backup-restore": "node server/cli/backup-restore.mjs",
+    "storage-sync": "node server/cli/storage-sync.mjs",
    "docs:prepare": "node docs-site/copy-screenshots.mjs",
    "docs:dev": "npm run docs:prepare && vitepress dev docs-site",
    "docs:build": "npm run docs:prepare && vitepress build docs-site",
@@ -50,11 +52,13 @@
    "cap-widget": "^0.1.57",
    "nuxt": "^4.4.8",
    "sharp": "^0.35.3",
-    "tailwindcss": "^4.3.1"
+    "tailwindcss": "^4.3.1",
+    "tar": "^7.5.22"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@nuxt/eslint": "^1.16.0",
    "@types/node": "^22.15.0",
+    "@types/tar": "^6.1.13",
    "eslint": "^10.6.0",
    "mermaid": "^11.17.2",
    "typescript": "^6.0.3",
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../utils/access'
+import { getBackupExportEstimate } from '../../../utils/backup/stats'
+import { getBackupsDir, isSafeBackupFilename } from '../../../utils/backup/paths'
+import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const estimate = await getBackupExportEstimate()
+
+  const packages = await (async () => {
+    try {
+      await fs.mkdir(getBackupsDir(), { recursive: true })
+      const entries = await fs.readdir(getBackupsDir(), { withFileTypes: true })
+      const items = await Promise.all(
+        entries
+          .filter(entry => entry.isFile() && isSafeBackupFilename(entry.name))
+          .map(async (entry) => {
+            const full = join(getBackupsDir(), entry.name)
+            const fileStat = await fs.stat(full)
+            return {
+              name: entry.name,
+              bytes: fileStat.size,
+              modifiedAt: fileStat.mtime.toISOString()
+            }
+          })
+      )
+      items.sort((a, b) => b.modifiedAt.localeCompare(a.modifiedAt))
+      return items
+    } catch {
+      return []
+    }
+  })()
+
+  return {
+    estimate,
+    backupsDir: getBackupsDir(),
+    packages
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { getBackupExportEstimate } from '../../../utils/backup/stats'
+import { startFullExportJob } from '../../../utils/backup/runner'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const config = useRuntimeConfig(event)
+  const appVersion = String(config.appVersion ?? '0.0.0')
+
+  const estimate = await getBackupExportEstimate()
+
+  try {
+    const job = startFullExportJob(appVersion)
+    return {
+      job: serializeBackupJob(job),
+      estimate
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error && error.message === 'BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING') {
+      createApiError(event, 'CONFLICT', '已有备份或迁移任务正在运行', 409)
+    }
+    throw error
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { getBackupJob } from '../../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const id = getRouterParam(event, 'id')
+  if (!id) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '缺少任务 ID', 400)
+  }
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(id)
+  if (!job) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '任务不存在', 404)
+  }
+
+  return { job: serializeBackupJob(job) }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { getBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+import { cancelBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/runner'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const id = getRouterParam(event, 'id')
+  if (!id) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '缺少任务 ID', 400)
+  }
+
+  if (!cancelBackupJob(id)) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '只能取消进行中的任务', 400)
+  }
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(id)
+  return { job: job ? serializeBackupJob(job) : null }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { createReadStream } from 'node:fs'
+import { basename } from 'node:path'
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../../../utils/api-error'
+import { getBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+import { BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT } from '../../../../../utils/backup/paths'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const id = getRouterParam(event, 'id')
+  if (!id) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '缺少任务 ID', 400)
+  }
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(id)
+  if (!job || job.type !== 'full_export' || job.status !== 'done' || !job.outputPath) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '可下载的备份不存在', 404)
+  }
+
+  const filename = basename(job.outputPath)
+  if (!filename.endsWith(BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT)) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '备份文件无效', 404)
+  }
+
+  setResponseHeader(event, 'Content-Type', 'application/gzip')
+  setResponseHeader(event, 'Content-Disposition', `attachment; filename="${filename}"`)
+
+  return sendStream(event, createReadStream(job.outputPath))
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../../../utils/api-error'
+import { retryFailedBackendSync } from '../../../../../utils/backup/backend-sync'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { getBackupJob } from '../../../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const id = getRouterParam(event, 'id')
+  if (!id) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '缺少任务 ID', 400)
+  }
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(id)
+  if (!job || job.type !== 'backend_sync') {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '任务不存在', 404)
+  }
+
+  try {
+    await retryFailedBackendSync(id)
+  } catch (error) {
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : '重试失败'
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', message, 400)
+  }
+
+  const updated = getBackupJob(id)
+  return { job: updated ? serializeBackupJob(updated) : null }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../../utils/access'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../../utils/backup/api'
+import {
+  getActiveBackupJob,
+  getRunningBackupJob,
+  listBackupJobsPage,
+  recoverInterruptedBackupJobs
+} from '../../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+import { isBackupRunnerBusy } from '../../../../utils/backup/runner'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  if (getRunningBackupJob() && !isBackupRunnerBusy()) {
+    recoverInterruptedBackupJobs()
+  }
+  const query = getQuery(event)
+  const pageSize = Math.min(50, Math.max(1, Number(query.pageSize) || 10))
+  const pageNum = Math.max(1, Number(query.pageNum) || Number(query.page) || 1)
+  const { jobs, total } = listBackupJobsPage(pageNum, pageSize)
+  const totalPages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(total / pageSize))
+  const page = total > 0 ? Math.min(pageNum, totalPages) : 1
+  const slice = page === pageNum
+    ? jobs
+    : listBackupJobsPage(page, pageSize).jobs
+
+  const activeJob = getActiveBackupJob()
+
+  return {
+    jobs: slice.map(serializeBackupJob),
+    total,
+    page,
+    pageSize,
+    totalPages,
+    activeJob: activeJob ? serializeBackupJob(activeJob) : null
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+import type { H3Event } from 'h3'
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { previewFullRestore } from '../../../utils/backup/full-restore'
+import { startFullRestoreJob } from '../../../utils/backup/runner'
+import {
+  BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT,
+  getBackupsDir,
+  getBackupStagingDir,
+  isSafeBackupFilename
+} from '../../../utils/backup/paths'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+
+interface RestoreBody {
+  archiveName?: string
+  conflictMode?: 'skip' | 'overwrite'
+  dryRun?: boolean
+}
+
+async function resolveRestoreInput(event: H3Event): Promise<{
+  archivePath: string
+  body: RestoreBody
+  cleanup?: () => Promise<void>
+}> {
+  const contentType = getHeader(event, 'content-type') ?? ''
+
+  if (contentType.includes('multipart/form-data')) {
+    const form = await readMultipartFormData(event)
+    const filePart = form?.find(part => part.name === 'file' && part.data?.length)
+    if (!filePart?.data) {
+      createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '请上传备份文件', 400)
+    }
+
+    const conflictField = form?.find(part => part.name === 'conflictMode')?.data?.toString('utf8')
+    const dryRunField = form?.find(part => part.name === 'dryRun')?.data?.toString('utf8')
+    const dryRun = dryRunField === 'true'
+
+    if (dryRun) {
+      const tempDir = getBackupStagingDir(`upload-preview-${Date.now()}`)
+      await fs.mkdir(tempDir, { recursive: true })
+      const archivePath = join(tempDir, 'package.phost.tar.gz')
+      await fs.writeFile(archivePath, filePart.data)
+      return {
+        archivePath,
+        body: {
+          conflictMode: conflictField === 'skip' ? 'skip' : 'overwrite',
+          dryRun: true
+        },
+        cleanup: async () => {
+          await fs.rm(tempDir, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {})
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    await fs.mkdir(getBackupsDir(), { recursive: true })
+    const safeName = `upload-${Date.now()}${BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT}`
+    const archivePath = join(getBackupsDir(), safeName)
+    await fs.writeFile(archivePath, filePart.data)
+    return {
+      archivePath,
+      body: {
+        conflictMode: conflictField === 'skip' ? 'skip' : 'overwrite',
+        dryRun: false
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  const body = await readBody<RestoreBody>(event)
+  if (!body?.archiveName || !isSafeBackupFilename(body.archiveName)) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '请选择有效的备份文件', 400)
+  }
+  const archivePath = join(getBackupsDir(), body.archiveName)
+  try {
+    await fs.access(archivePath)
+  } catch {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '备份文件不存在', 400)
+  }
+  return { archivePath, body }
+}
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+
+  const { archivePath, body, cleanup } = await resolveRestoreInput(event)
+
+  const conflictMode = body.conflictMode === 'skip' ? 'skip' : 'overwrite'
+
+  if (body.dryRun) {
+    try {
+      const preview = await previewFullRestore(archivePath)
+      return { preview }
+    } finally {
+      await cleanup?.()
+    }
+  }
+
+  try {
+    const job = startFullRestoreJob(archivePath, conflictMode)
+    return { job: serializeBackupJob(job) }
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error && error.message === 'BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING') {
+      createApiError(event, 'CONFLICT', '已有备份或迁移任务正在运行', 409)
+    }
+    throw error
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { requireAdminAuth } from '../../../utils/access'
+import { createApiError } from '../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { previewBackendSync } from '../../../utils/backup/backend-sync'
+import { startBackendSyncJob } from '../../../utils/backup/runner'
+
+interface SyncBody {
+  fromBackendId?: string
+  toBackendId?: string
+  deleteSource?: boolean
+  setDefault?: boolean
+  dryRun?: boolean
+}
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  await requireAdminAuth(event)
+  const body = await readBody<SyncBody>(event)
+
+  const fromBackendId = body?.fromBackendId?.trim() ?? ''
+  const toBackendId = body?.toBackendId?.trim() ?? ''
+  if (!fromBackendId || !toBackendId) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '请选择源与目标存储后端', 400)
+  }
+
+  const options = {
+    fromBackendId,
+    toBackendId,
+    deleteSource: Boolean(body?.deleteSource),
+    setDefault: Boolean(body?.setDefault),
+    dryRun: Boolean(body?.dryRun)
+  }
+
+  try {
+    if (options.dryRun) {
+      const preview = previewBackendSync(options)
+      return { preview }
+    }
+
+    const job = startBackendSyncJob(options)
+    return { job: serializeBackupJob(job) }
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error) {
+      if (error.message === 'BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING') {
+        createApiError(event, 'CONFLICT', '已有备份或迁移任务正在运行', 409)
+      }
+      createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', error.message, 400)
+    }
+    throw error
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import { createApiError } from '../../utils/api-error'
+import { isInitialized } from '../../utils/auth'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../utils/backup/api'
+import { startFullRestoreJob } from '../../utils/backup/runner'
+import { BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT, getBackupsDir } from '../../utils/backup/paths'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+
+export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
+  if (isInitialized()) {
+    createApiError(event, 'FORBIDDEN', '系统已初始化，请在存储页恢复备份', 403)
+  }
+
+  const form = await readMultipartFormData(event)
+  const filePart = form?.find(part => part.name === 'file' && part.data?.length)
+  if (!filePart?.data) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '请上传备份文件', 400)
+  }
+
+  await fs.mkdir(getBackupsDir(), { recursive: true })
+  const archivePath = join(getBackupsDir(), `setup-restore-${Date.now()}${BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT}`)
+  await fs.writeFile(archivePath, filePart.data)
+
+  try {
+    const job = startFullRestoreJob(archivePath, 'overwrite')
+    return {
+      job: serializeBackupJob(job),
+      message: '恢复任务已开始，完成后请使用备份中的管理员账号登录'
+    }
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (error instanceof Error && error.message === 'BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING') {
+      createApiError(event, 'CONFLICT', '已有备份或迁移任务正在运行', 409)
+    }
+    throw error
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import { createApiError } from '../../../utils/api-error'
+import { serializeBackupJob } from '../../../utils/backup/api'
+import { getBackupJob } from '../../../utils/backup/jobs'
+
+export default defineEventHandler((event) => {
+  const id = getRouterParam(event, 'id')
+  if (!id) {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '缺少任务 ID', 400)
+  }
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(id)
+  if (!job || job.type !== 'full_restore') {
+    createApiError(event, 'INVALID_REQUEST', '任务不存在', 404)
+  }
+
+  return { job: serializeBackupJob(job) }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+import { createJiti } from 'jiti'
+import { dirname, join } from 'node:path'
+import { fileURLToPath } from 'node:url'
+
+const root = join(dirname(fileURLToPath(import.meta.url)), '..')
+
+export const jiti = createJiti(import.meta.url, {
+  interopDefault: true,
+  moduleCache: false
+})
+
+export function loadServerModule(path) {
+  return jiti(join(root, path))
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/**
+ * Export a full PicHost site backup (.phost.tar.gz).
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   node server/cli/backup-export.mjs
+ *
+ * Docker:
+ *   docker exec pichost backup-export
+ */
+import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { loadServerModule } from './backup-cli-loader.mjs'
+
+const { ensureBackupSchema } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/schema.ts')
+const { createBackupJob, getBackupJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/jobs.ts')
+const { runFullExportJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/full-export.ts')
+
+function readAppVersion() {
+  try {
+    const pkg = JSON.parse(readFileSync(join(process.cwd(), 'package.json'), 'utf8'))
+    return String(pkg.version ?? '0.0.0')
+  } catch {
+    return '0.0.0'
+  }
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'full_export',
+    message: 'CLI 导出'
+  })
+
+  await runFullExportJob(job.id, readAppVersion())
+  const done = getBackupJob(job.id)
+  if (!done || done.status !== 'done') {
+    console.error(`[PicHost] Export failed: ${done?.error ?? done?.message ?? 'unknown error'}`)
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
+
+  console.log(`[PicHost] Export complete: ${done.outputPath}`)
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  console.error(`[PicHost] Export error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`)
+  process.exit(1)
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/**
+ * Restore PicHost from a .phost.tar.gz backup.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   node server/cli/backup-restore.mjs <archive-path> [--overwrite]
+ *
+ * Docker:
+ *   docker exec pichost backup-restore /app/data/backups/pichost-xxx.phost.tar.gz
+ */
+import { access } from 'node:fs/promises'
+import { resolve } from 'node:path'
+import { loadServerModule } from './backup-cli-loader.mjs'
+
+const { ensureBackupSchema } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/schema.ts')
+const { createBackupJob, getBackupJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/jobs.ts')
+const { previewFullRestore } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/full-restore.ts')
+const { runFullRestoreJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/full-restore.ts')
+
+function usage() {
+  console.error('Usage: backup-restore <archive-path> [--overwrite]')
+  process.exit(1)
+}
+
+const args = process.argv.slice(2).filter(arg => arg !== '--')
+if (!args.length) usage()
+
+const overwrite = args.includes('--overwrite')
+const archiveArg = args.find(arg => arg !== '--overwrite')
+if (!archiveArg) usage()
+
+const archivePath = resolve(archiveArg)
+const conflictMode = overwrite ? 'overwrite' : 'skip'
+
+async function main() {
+  try {
+    await access(archivePath)
+  } catch {
+    console.error(`[PicHost] Backup file not found: ${archivePath}`)
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
+
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const preview = await previewFullRestore(archivePath)
+  console.log(`[PicHost] Preview: ${preview.imageCount} images, ${preview.newImages} new, ${preview.conflictingImages} conflicts`)
+
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'full_restore',
+    message: 'CLI 恢复',
+    payload: { archivePath, conflictMode }
+  })
+
+  await runFullRestoreJob(job.id, archivePath, { conflictMode })
+  const done = getBackupJob(job.id)
+  if (!done || done.status !== 'done') {
+    console.error(`[PicHost] Restore failed: ${done?.error ?? done?.message ?? 'unknown error'}`)
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
+
+  console.log('[PicHost] Restore complete. Restart PicHost if it is running.')
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  console.error(`[PicHost] Restore error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`)
+  process.exit(1)
+})
@@ -1,166 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * 将 data/ 下与 images 并列的顶层目录中的图片迁入 data/images/{原目录名}/...
- *
- * 用法：
- *   node server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs          # dry-run
- *   node server/cli/migrate-to-single-images.mjs --apply  # 执行迁移
- *
- * Docker：
- *   docker exec pichost migrate
- *   docker exec pichost migrate --apply
- *
- * 输出 data/mapping.json（旧 key → 新 key）供替换外链。执行后重启 PicHost。
- */
-import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
-import { join, relative, dirname } from 'node:path'
-
-const DATA_DIR = process.env.DATA_DIR || join(process.cwd(), 'data')
-const IMAGES_DIR = join(DATA_DIR, 'images')
-
-const IMAGE_EXT = /\.(jpg|jpeg|png|webp|gif|svg|ico)$/i
-const SKIP_TOP_LEVEL_DIRS = new Set(['images'])
-
-const apply = process.argv.includes('--apply')
-
-async function exists(path) {
-  try {
-    await fs.access(path)
-    return true
-  } catch {
-    return false
-  }
-}
-
-async function collectImageFiles(dir) {
-  const files = []
-  const entries = await fs.readdir(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
-  for (const entry of entries) {
-    const full = join(dir, entry.name)
-    if (entry.isDirectory()) {
-      files.push(...await collectImageFiles(full))
-    } else if (
-      entry.isFile()
-      && IMAGE_EXT.test(entry.name)
-      && !entry.name.endsWith('.meta.json')
-    ) {
-      files.push(full)
-    }
-  }
-  return files
-}
-
-async function dirHasAnyFiles(dir) {
-  let entries
-  try {
-    entries = await fs.readdir(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
-  } catch {
-    return false
-  }
-  for (const entry of entries) {
-    if (entry.isFile()) return true
-    if (entry.isDirectory() && await dirHasAnyFiles(join(dir, entry.name))) {
-      return true
-    }
-  }
-  return false
-}
-
-async function main() {
-  if (!await exists(DATA_DIR)) {
-    console.error(`数据目录不存在: ${DATA_DIR}`)
-    process.exit(1)
-  }
-
-  const topEntries = await fs.readdir(DATA_DIR, { withFileTypes: true })
-  const sourceDirs = topEntries
-    .filter(entry => entry.isDirectory() && !SKIP_TOP_LEVEL_DIRS.has(entry.name))
-    .map(entry => ({ name: entry.name, path: join(DATA_DIR, entry.name) }))
-
-  if (!sourceDirs.length) {
-    console.log('未发现需迁移的顶层目录（data/ 下除 images 外无其它目录）')
-    return
-  }
-
-  const mapping = {}
-  const plan = []
-
-  for (const { name, path } of sourceDirs) {
-    const files = await collectImageFiles(path)
-    for (const filePath of files) {
-      const rel = relative(path, filePath).replace(/\\/g, '/')
-      const newKey = `images/${name}/${rel}`
-      const newDisk = join(IMAGES_DIR, name, rel)
-      const oldKey = `${name}/${rel}`
-      mapping[oldKey] = newKey
-      plan.push({ from: filePath, to: newDisk, oldKey, newKey, sourceName: name })
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (!plan.length) {
-    console.log('未发现需迁移的图片（已扫描 data/ 下除 images 外的顶层目录）')
-    return
-  }
-
-  const scanned = sourceDirs.map(dir => dir.name).join(', ')
-  console.log(`已扫描顶层目录: ${scanned}`)
-  console.log(`模式: ${apply ? 'APPLY' : 'DRY-RUN'}`)
-  console.log(`待迁移 ${plan.length} 个文件:`)
-  for (const item of plan.slice(0, 20)) {
-    console.log(`  ${item.oldKey} → ${item.newKey}`)
-  }
-  if (plan.length > 20) {
-    console.log(`  … 另有 ${plan.length - 20} 个`)
-  }
-
-  const mappingPath = join(DATA_DIR, 'mapping.json')
-  await fs.writeFile(mappingPath, JSON.stringify(mapping, null, 2))
-  console.log(`已写入 ${mappingPath}`)
-
-  if (!apply) {
-    console.log('未执行文件移动。确认后运行:')
-    console.log('  docker exec pichost migrate --apply')
-    console.log('  或 npm run migrate -- --apply')
-    return
-  }
-
-  await fs.mkdir(IMAGES_DIR, { recursive: true })
-
-  for (const item of plan) {
-    await fs.mkdir(dirname(item.to), { recursive: true })
-    try {
-      await fs.rename(item.from, item.to)
-    } catch (error) {
-      if (error?.code === 'EXDEV') {
-        await fs.copyFile(item.from, item.to)
-        await fs.unlink(item.from)
-      } else {
-        throw error
-      }
-    }
-    const metaFrom = item.from + '.meta.json'
-    const metaTo = item.to + '.meta.json'
-    try {
-      await fs.rename(metaFrom, metaTo)
-    } catch {
-      // optional meta
-    }
-  }
-
-  const sourceNames = [...new Set(plan.map(item => item.sourceName))]
-  for (const name of sourceNames) {
-    const path = join(DATA_DIR, name)
-    if (await dirHasAnyFiles(path)) {
-      console.log(`保留 ${name}/（仍有未迁移文件）`)
-      continue
-    }
-    await fs.rm(path, { recursive: true, force: true })
-    console.log(`已移除空目录 ${name}/`)
-  }
-
-  console.log('迁移完成。请重启 PicHost。')
-}
-
-main().catch((error) => {
-  console.error(error)
-  process.exit(1)
-})
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/**
+ * Sync images between storage backends.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   node server/cli/storage-sync.mjs --from <id> --to <id> [--delete-source] [--set-default] [--dry-run]
+ *
+ * Docker:
+ *   docker exec pichost storage-sync --from local --to s3-xxx
+ */
+import { loadServerModule } from './backup-cli-loader.mjs'
+
+const { ensureBackupSchema } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/schema.ts')
+const { createBackupJob, getBackupJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/jobs.ts')
+const { previewBackendSync, runBackendSyncJob } = loadServerModule('utils/backup/backend-sync.ts')
+
+function usage() {
+  console.error('Usage: storage-sync --from <backend-id> --to <backend-id> [--delete-source] [--set-default] [--dry-run]')
+  process.exit(1)
+}
+
+function readArg(name) {
+  const index = process.argv.indexOf(name)
+  if (index < 0 || index + 1 >= process.argv.length) return ''
+  return process.argv[index + 1]?.trim() ?? ''
+}
+
+const fromBackendId = readArg('--from')
+const toBackendId = readArg('--to')
+const deleteSource = process.argv.includes('--delete-source')
+const setDefault = process.argv.includes('--set-default')
+const dryRun = process.argv.includes('--dry-run')
+
+if (!fromBackendId || !toBackendId) usage()
+
+const options = {
+  fromBackendId,
+  toBackendId,
+  deleteSource,
+  setDefault,
+  dryRun
+}
+
+async function main() {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+
+  if (dryRun) {
+    const preview = previewBackendSync(options)
+    console.log(`[PicHost] Dry run: ${preview.imageCount} images, ${preview.imageBytes} bytes`)
+    console.log(`[PicHost] From ${preview.fromBackendId} → ${preview.toBackendId}`)
+    return
+  }
+
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'backend_sync',
+    message: 'CLI 同步',
+    payload: options
+  })
+
+  await runBackendSyncJob(job.id, options)
+  const done = getBackupJob(job.id)
+  if (!done || done.status !== 'done') {
+    console.error(`[PicHost] Sync failed: ${done?.error ?? done?.message ?? 'unknown error'}`)
+    process.exit(1)
+  }
+
+  console.log(`[PicHost] Sync complete: ${done.progress}/${done.total}`)
+}
+
+main().catch((error) => {
+  console.error(`[PicHost] Sync error: ${error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)}`)
+  process.exit(1)
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { recoverInterruptedBackupJobs } from '../utils/backup/jobs'
+
+export default defineNitroPlugin(() => {
+  const recovered = recoverInterruptedBackupJobs()
+  if (recovered > 0) {
+    console.log(`[PicHost] Recovered ${recovered} interrupted backup job(s)`)
+  }
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import type { BackupJob } from '../../utils/backup/jobs'
+import { BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT } from '../../utils/backup/paths'
+
+export function serializeBackupJob(job: BackupJob) {
+  const archiveName = job.outputPath
+    ? job.outputPath.split(/[/\\]/).pop()
+    : typeof job.payload.archiveName === 'string'
+      ? job.payload.archiveName
+      : null
+
+  return {
+    id: job.id,
+    type: job.type,
+    status: job.status,
+    progress: job.progress,
+    total: job.total,
+    message: job.message,
+    payload: job.payload,
+    outputPath: job.outputPath,
+    archiveName,
+    downloadable: Boolean(
+      job.type === 'full_export'
+      && job.status === 'done'
+      && job.outputPath
+      && archiveName?.endsWith(BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT)
+    ),
+    error: job.error,
+    createdAt: job.createdAt,
+    finishedAt: job.finishedAt
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+import { promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import {
+  createBackendInstance,
+  getStorageBackendRow,
+  setDefaultBackend
+} from '../storage-backends'
+import {
+  getImageIndexAsStored,
+  listImageIndexRowsByBackend,
+  updateImageBackendId
+} from '../image-index'
+import { createImageStream } from '../storage'
+import { getBackupJob, markJobDone, markJobFailed, updateBackupJob } from './jobs'
+import { getBackupStagingDir } from './paths'
+
+export interface BackendSyncOptions {
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+  deleteSource?: boolean
+  setDefault?: boolean
+  dryRun?: boolean
+}
+
+export interface BackendSyncPreview {
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+}
+
+export function previewBackendSync(options: BackendSyncOptions): BackendSyncPreview {
+  const fromRow = getStorageBackendRow(options.fromBackendId)
+  const toRow = getStorageBackendRow(options.toBackendId)
+  if (!fromRow) {
+    throw new Error('源存储后端不存在')
+  }
+  if (!toRow) {
+    throw new Error('目标存储后端不存在')
+  }
+  if (!toRow.enabled) {
+    throw new Error('目标存储后端未启用')
+  }
+  if (options.fromBackendId === options.toBackendId) {
+    throw new Error('源与目标存储后端不能相同')
+  }
+
+  const rows = listImageIndexRowsByBackend(options.fromBackendId)
+  const imageBytes = rows.reduce((sum, row) => sum + row.size, 0)
+  return {
+    imageCount: rows.length,
+    imageBytes,
+    fromBackendId: options.fromBackendId,
+    toBackendId: options.toBackendId
+  }
+}
+
+async function streamToBuffer(stream: NodeJS.ReadableStream): Promise<Buffer> {
+  const chunks: Buffer[] = []
+  for await (const chunk of stream) {
+    chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(chunk))
+  }
+  return Buffer.concat(chunks)
+}
+
+export async function runBackendSyncJob(
+  jobId: string,
+  options: BackendSyncOptions
+): Promise<void> {
+  const preview = previewBackendSync(options)
+  if (options.dryRun) {
+    markJobDone(jobId, {
+      message: '预检完成',
+      payload: { preview }
+    })
+    return
+  }
+
+  const fromRow = getStorageBackendRow(options.fromBackendId)!
+  const toRow = getStorageBackendRow(options.toBackendId)!
+  const fromBackend = createBackendInstance(fromRow)
+  const toBackend = createBackendInstance(toRow)
+
+  const rows = listImageIndexRowsByBackend(options.fromBackendId)
+  const failedKeys: string[] = []
+  const failedLogPath = join(getBackupStagingDir(jobId), 'failed_keys.jsonl')
+
+  updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+    total: rows.length,
+    progress: 0,
+    message: '正在同步图片…'
+  })
+
+  let processed = 0
+  for (const row of rows) {
+    try {
+      const stream = await createImageStream(row.key)
+      const bytes = await streamToBuffer(stream)
+      await toBackend.put(row.key, bytes, {
+        originalName: row.original_name,
+        uploadedAt: row.uploaded_at,
+        contentType: row.content_type,
+        size: row.size,
+        userId: row.user_id
+      })
+
+      const head = await toBackend.head(row.key)
+      if (!head) {
+        throw new Error('目标后端写入校验失败')
+      }
+
+      updateImageBackendId(row.key, options.toBackendId)
+
+      if (options.deleteSource) {
+        await fromBackend.delete(row.key)
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      failedKeys.push(row.key)
+      await fs.mkdir(join(failedLogPath, '..'), { recursive: true }).catch(() => {})
+      await fs.appendFile(
+        failedLogPath,
+        `${row.key}\t${error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'unknown'}\n`,
+        'utf8'
+      ).catch(() => {})
+    }
+
+    processed += 1
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+      progress: processed,
+      message: `正在同步 ${processed}/${rows.length}…`
+    })
+  }
+
+  if (options.setDefault) {
+    setDefaultBackend(options.toBackendId)
+  }
+
+  if (failedKeys.length > 0) {
+    markJobFailed(jobId, `${failedKeys.length} 张图片同步失败`, `部分失败：${failedKeys.length}/${rows.length}`)
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+      payload: { failedKeys, failedLogPath, preview }
+    })
+    return
+  }
+
+  markJobDone(jobId, {
+    message: '同步完成',
+    payload: { preview, synced: rows.length }
+  })
+}
+
+export async function retryFailedBackendSync(jobId: string): Promise<void> {
+  const failedLogPath = join(getBackupStagingDir(jobId), 'failed_keys.jsonl')
+  let raw: string
+  try {
+    raw = await fs.readFile(failedLogPath, 'utf8')
+  } catch {
+    throw new Error('没有可重试的失败记录')
+  }
+
+  const keys = raw
+    .split('\n')
+    .map(line => line.split('\t')[0]?.trim())
+    .filter((key): key is string => Boolean(key))
+
+  const job = getBackupJob(jobId)
+  if (!job) throw new Error('任务不存在')
+
+  const fromBackendId = String(job.payload.fromBackendId ?? '')
+  const toBackendId = String(job.payload.toBackendId ?? '')
+  const deleteSource = Boolean(job.payload.deleteSource)
+  const fromRow = getStorageBackendRow(fromBackendId)
+  const toRow = getStorageBackendRow(toBackendId)
+  if (!fromRow || !toRow) throw new Error('存储后端配置无效')
+
+  const fromBackend = createBackendInstance(fromRow)
+  const toBackend = createBackendInstance(toRow)
+
+  const stillFailed: string[] = []
+  for (const key of keys) {
+    const row = getImageIndexAsStored(key)
+    if (!row) continue
+    try {
+      const stream = await createImageStream(key)
+      const bytes = await streamToBuffer(stream)
+      await toBackend.put(key, bytes, {
+        originalName: row.originalName,
+        uploadedAt: row.uploadedAt,
+        contentType: row.contentType,
+        size: row.size,
+        userId: row.userId
+      })
+      updateImageBackendId(key, toBackendId)
+      if (deleteSource) {
+        await fromBackend.delete(key)
+      }
+    } catch {
+      stillFailed.push(key)
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (stillFailed.length > 0) {
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      failedLogPath,
+      stillFailed.map(key => `${key}\tretry failed\n`).join(''),
+      'utf8'
+    )
+    throw new Error(`仍有 ${stillFailed.length} 张图片同步失败`)
+  }
+
+  await fs.rm(failedLogPath, { force: true }).catch(() => {})
+  markJobDone(jobId, { message: '失败项重试完成' })
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import { copyFile, mkdir, rename, rm } from 'node:fs/promises'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { closeDb, getDb, setDbReplacing } from '../db'
+import { getDataDir } from '../data-dir'
+
+async function retireCurrentDatabaseFiles(dbPath: string, stamp: number): Promise<void> {
+  const targets = [
+    dbPath,
+    `${dbPath}-wal`,
+    `${dbPath}-shm`
+  ]
+  for (const path of targets) {
+    try {
+      await rename(path, `${path}.bak-${stamp}`)
+    } catch {
+      // Missing sidecar files are fine.
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+async function cleanupRetiredDatabaseFiles(dbPath: string, stamp: number): Promise<void> {
+  const paths = [
+    dbPath,
+    `${dbPath}-wal`,
+    `${dbPath}-shm`
+  ]
+  for (const path of paths) {
+    await rm(`${path}.bak-${stamp}`, { force: true }).catch(() => {})
+  }
+}
+
+function sqlitePathLiteral(path: string): string {
+  return path.replace(/\\/g, '/').replace(/'/g, '\'\'')
+}
+
+export function checkpointDatabase(): void {
+  getDb().exec('PRAGMA wal_checkpoint(TRUNCATE)')
+}
+
+/** Consistent snapshot while the app keeps the DB open (safe on Windows). */
+export async function copyDatabaseSnapshot(targetPath: string): Promise<void> {
+  await mkdir(join(targetPath, '..'), { recursive: true })
+  checkpointDatabase()
+  const escaped = sqlitePathLiteral(targetPath)
+  getDb().exec(`VACUUM INTO '${escaped}'`)
+}
+
+export async function replaceDatabaseFromSnapshot(sourcePath: string): Promise<void> {
+  const dataDir = getDataDir()
+  const target = join(dataDir, 'pichost.db')
+  const stamp = Date.now()
+
+  checkpointDatabase()
+  closeDb()
+  setDbReplacing(true)
+
+  try {
+    await retireCurrentDatabaseFiles(target, stamp)
+    await copyFile(sourcePath, target)
+  } finally {
+    setDbReplacing(false)
+    const reopened = getDb()
+    reopened.exec('PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL')
+    void cleanupRetiredDatabaseFiles(target, stamp)
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+import { createWriteStream, promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { pipeline } from 'node:stream/promises'
+import * as tar from 'tar'
+import { getImageTotals, listAllImageIndexRows } from '../image-index'
+import {
+  listStorageBackendRows
+} from '../storage-backends'
+import { parseS3Config } from '../storage/s3'
+import { createImageStream } from '../storage'
+import { copyDatabaseSnapshot } from './db-snapshot'
+import { markJobDone, markJobFailed, updateBackupJob } from './jobs'
+import { BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION, type BackupManifest, type StorageBackendMetaExport } from './manifest'
+import {
+  BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT,
+  getBackupStagingDir,
+  getBackupsDir
+} from './paths'
+import type { StorageBackendRow } from '../storage/types'
+
+function formatArchiveName(jobId: string): string {
+  return `pichost-${jobId}${BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT}`
+}
+
+function buildStorageBackendsMeta(): StorageBackendMetaExport[] {
+  return listStorageBackendRows().map((row: StorageBackendRow) => ({
+    id: row.id,
+    name: row.name,
+    type: row.type,
+    config: row.type === 's3' ? (parseS3Config(row.config_json) ?? {}) : {},
+    servingMode: row.serving_mode,
+    publicUrl: row.public_url,
+    quotaBytes: row.quota_bytes,
+    enabled: row.enabled === 1,
+    isDefault: row.is_default === 1,
+    sortOrder: row.sort_order
+  }))
+}
+
+async function writeStreamToFile(stream: NodeJS.ReadableStream, filePath: string): Promise<void> {
+  await fs.mkdir(join(filePath, '..'), { recursive: true })
+  await pipeline(stream, createWriteStream(filePath))
+}
+
+export async function runFullExportJob(jobId: string, appVersion: string): Promise<void> {
+  const stagingRoot = getBackupStagingDir(jobId)
+  const archiveName = formatArchiveName(jobId)
+  const archivePath = join(getBackupsDir(), archiveName)
+
+  try {
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true })
+    await fs.mkdir(stagingRoot, { recursive: true })
+    await fs.mkdir(getBackupsDir(), { recursive: true })
+
+    const totals = getImageTotals()
+    const rows = listAllImageIndexRows()
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+      total: totals.count + 1,
+      message: '正在备份数据库…'
+    })
+
+    await copyDatabaseSnapshot(join(stagingRoot, 'database', 'pichost.sqlite'))
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, { progress: 1, message: '正在写入备份元数据…' })
+
+    const manifest: BackupManifest = {
+      formatVersion: BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION,
+      appVersion,
+      createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      imageCount: totals.count,
+      imageBytes: totals.bytes,
+      includesDatabase: true
+    }
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      join(stagingRoot, 'manifest.json'),
+      JSON.stringify(manifest, null, 2),
+      'utf8'
+    )
+
+    const metaDir = join(stagingRoot, 'meta')
+    await fs.mkdir(metaDir, { recursive: true })
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      join(metaDir, 'storage_backends.json'),
+      JSON.stringify(buildStorageBackendsMeta(), null, 2),
+      'utf8'
+    )
+    await fs.writeFile(
+      join(metaDir, 'readme.txt'),
+      [
+        'PicHost site backup package.',
+        'Restore via Storage → Backup & migration in the admin UI.',
+        'Object storage secrets are not included; re-enter keys after restore.'
+      ].join('\n'),
+      'utf8'
+    )
+
+    let processed = 1
+    for (const row of rows) {
+      updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+        progress: processed,
+        message: `正在导出图片 ${processed}/${totals.count + 1}…`
+      })
+
+      const blobPath = join(stagingRoot, 'blobs', row.key)
+      const stream = await createImageStream(row.key)
+      await writeStreamToFile(stream, blobPath)
+      processed += 1
+      updateBackupJob(jobId, { progress: processed })
+    }
+
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, { message: '正在压缩备份包…' })
+    await tar.c(
+      {
+        gzip: true,
+        file: archivePath,
+        cwd: stagingRoot,
+        portable: true
+      },
+      ['.']
+    )
+
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true })
+
+    markJobDone(jobId, {
+      message: '备份完成',
+      outputPath: archivePath,
+      payload: { archiveName }
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {})
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : '导出失败'
+    markJobFailed(jobId, message)
+    throw error
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+import { createReadStream, promises as fs } from 'node:fs'
+import { join, relative } from 'node:path'
+import { pipeline } from 'node:stream/promises'
+import * as tar from 'tar'
+import { getImageIndexRow } from '../image-index'
+import { getActiveBackend } from '../storage/resolver'
+import { replaceDatabaseFromSnapshot } from './db-snapshot'
+import { markJobDone, markJobFailed, restoreBackupJobsAfterReplace, snapshotBackupJobs, updateBackupJob } from './jobs'
+import {
+  BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION,
+  type BackupManifest,
+  type BackupRestorePreview
+} from './manifest'
+import { getBackupStagingDir } from './paths'
+import { ensureDefaultBackends } from '../storage-backends'
+
+async function walkFiles(dir: string): Promise<string[]> {
+  const entries = await fs.readdir(dir, { withFileTypes: true })
+  const files: string[] = []
+  for (const entry of entries) {
+    const full = join(dir, entry.name)
+    if (entry.isDirectory()) {
+      files.push(...await walkFiles(full))
+    } else if (entry.isFile()) {
+      files.push(full)
+    }
+  }
+  return files
+}
+
+async function extractArchive(archivePath: string, targetDir: string): Promise<void> {
+  await fs.rm(targetDir, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {})
+  await fs.mkdir(targetDir, { recursive: true })
+  await tar.x({
+    file: archivePath,
+    cwd: targetDir,
+    gzip: true
+  })
+}
+
+async function readManifest(stagingRoot: string): Promise<BackupManifest> {
+  const raw = await fs.readFile(join(stagingRoot, 'manifest.json'), 'utf8')
+  const manifest = JSON.parse(raw) as BackupManifest
+  if (manifest.formatVersion !== BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION) {
+    throw new Error(`不支持的备份格式版本：${manifest.formatVersion}`)
+  }
+  return manifest
+}
+
+export async function previewFullRestore(archivePath: string): Promise<BackupRestorePreview> {
+  const stagingRoot = getBackupStagingDir(`preview-${Date.now()}`)
+  try {
+    await extractArchive(archivePath, stagingRoot)
+    const manifest = await readManifest(stagingRoot)
+    const blobsRoot = join(stagingRoot, 'blobs')
+    let blobFiles: string[] = []
+    try {
+      blobFiles = await walkFiles(blobsRoot)
+    } catch {
+      blobFiles = []
+    }
+
+    let conflictingImages = 0
+    for (const file of blobFiles) {
+      const rel = relative(blobsRoot, file).replace(/\\/g, '/')
+      if (getImageIndexRow(rel)) {
+        conflictingImages += 1
+      }
+    }
+
+    return {
+      imageCount: manifest.imageCount,
+      imageBytes: manifest.imageBytes,
+      newImages: Math.max(0, blobFiles.length - conflictingImages),
+      conflictingImages,
+      formatVersion: manifest.formatVersion,
+      appVersion: manifest.appVersion,
+      createdAt: manifest.createdAt
+    }
+  } finally {
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {})
+  }
+}
+
+export async function runFullRestoreJob(
+  jobId: string,
+  archivePath: string,
+  options: { conflictMode: 'skip' | 'overwrite' }
+): Promise<void> {
+  const stagingRoot = getBackupStagingDir(jobId)
+  const preservedJobs = snapshotBackupJobs(50)
+
+  try {
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, { message: '正在解压备份包…', total: 0, progress: 0 })
+    await extractArchive(archivePath, stagingRoot)
+    const manifest = await readManifest(stagingRoot)
+
+    const dbPath = join(stagingRoot, 'database', 'pichost.sqlite')
+    await fs.access(dbPath)
+
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, { message: '正在恢复数据库…' })
+    await replaceDatabaseFromSnapshot(dbPath)
+    ensureDefaultBackends()
+    restoreBackupJobsAfterReplace(preservedJobs)
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+      status: 'running',
+      message: '正在恢复图片…',
+      progress: 0,
+      total: 0
+    })
+
+    const blobsRoot = join(stagingRoot, 'blobs')
+    const blobFiles = await walkFiles(blobsRoot)
+    const total = blobFiles.length + 1
+    updateBackupJob(jobId, { total, progress: 1, message: '正在恢复图片…' })
+
+    const backend = await getActiveBackend()
+    let processed = 1
+
+    for (const file of blobFiles) {
+      const key = relative(blobsRoot, file).replace(/\\/g, '/')
+      const indexed = getImageIndexRow(key)
+
+      if (!indexed && options.conflictMode === 'skip') {
+        processed += 1
+        continue
+      }
+
+      const bytes = await fs.readFile(file)
+      const meta = indexed
+        ? {
+            originalName: indexed.original_name,
+            uploadedAt: indexed.uploaded_at,
+            contentType: indexed.content_type,
+            size: indexed.size,
+            userId: indexed.user_id
+          }
+        : {
+            originalName: key.split('/').pop() ?? key,
+            uploadedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+            contentType: 'application/octet-stream',
+            size: bytes.length,
+            userId: null
+          }
+
+      if (options.conflictMode === 'overwrite' || !indexed) {
+        await backend.put(key, bytes, meta)
+      }
+
+      processed += 1
+      updateBackupJob(jobId, {
+        progress: processed,
+        message: `正在恢复图片 ${processed}/${total}…`
+      })
+    }
+
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true })
+
+    markJobDone(jobId, {
+      message: '恢复完成，请重新登录并在存储页检查对象存储密钥',
+      payload: {
+        restoredImages: blobFiles.length,
+        manifest
+      }
+    })
+  } catch (error) {
+    await fs.rm(stagingRoot, { recursive: true, force: true }).catch(() => {})
+    const message = error instanceof Error ? error.message : '恢复失败'
+    markJobFailed(jobId, message)
+    throw error
+  }
+}
+
+export async function streamBlobToFile(
+  archivePath: string,
+  targetPath: string
+): Promise<void> {
+  await fs.mkdir(join(targetPath, '..'), { recursive: true })
+  const readStream = createReadStream(archivePath)
+  const writeStream = (await import('node:fs')).createWriteStream(targetPath)
+  await pipeline(readStream, writeStream)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+export { ensureBackupSchema } from './schema'
+export * from './jobs'
+export * from './paths'
+export * from './manifest'
+export * from './stats'
+export { previewFullRestore } from './full-restore'
+export { previewBackendSync } from './backend-sync'
+export {
+  startFullExportJob,
+  startFullRestoreJob,
+  startBackendSyncJob,
+  isBackupRunnerBusy,
+  cancelBackupJob
+} from './runner'
+export { retryFailedBackendSync } from './backend-sync'
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+import { randomBytes } from 'node:crypto'
+import { getDb } from '../db'
+import { ensureBackupSchema } from './schema'
+
+export type BackupJobType = 'full_export' | 'full_restore' | 'backend_sync'
+export type BackupJobStatus = 'pending' | 'running' | 'done' | 'failed'
+
+export interface BackupJob {
+  id: string
+  type: BackupJobType
+  status: BackupJobStatus
+  progress: number
+  total: number
+  message: string
+  payload: Record<string, unknown>
+  outputPath: string | null
+  error: string | null
+  createdAt: string
+  finishedAt: string | null
+}
+
+interface BackupJobRow {
+  id: string
+  type: BackupJobType
+  status: BackupJobStatus
+  progress: number
+  total: number
+  message: string
+  payload_json: string
+  output_path: string | null
+  error: string | null
+  created_at: string
+  finished_at: string | null
+}
+
+function rowToJob(row: BackupJobRow): BackupJob {
+  const payload = (() => {
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(row.payload_json) as Record<string, unknown>
+    } catch {
+      return {}
+    }
+  })()
+  return {
+    id: row.id,
+    type: row.type,
+    status: row.status,
+    progress: row.progress,
+    total: row.total,
+    message: row.message,
+    payload,
+    outputPath: row.output_path,
+    error: row.error,
+    createdAt: row.created_at,
+    finishedAt: row.finished_at
+  }
+}
+
+function generateJobId(): string {
+  const stamp = new Date().toISOString().replace(/[-:]/g, '').replace(/\..+/, '').slice(0, 15)
+  const suffix = randomBytes(3).toString('hex')
+  return `${stamp}-${suffix}`
+}
+
+export function getRunningBackupJob(): BackupJob | null {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const row = getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json,
+           output_path, error, created_at, finished_at
+    FROM backup_jobs
+    WHERE status = 'running'
+    LIMIT 1
+  `).get() as BackupJobRow | undefined
+  return row ? rowToJob(row) : null
+}
+
+export function getActiveBackupJob(): BackupJob | null {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const row = getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json,
+           output_path, error, created_at, finished_at
+    FROM backup_jobs
+    WHERE status IN ('pending', 'running')
+    ORDER BY created_at DESC
+    LIMIT 1
+  `).get() as BackupJobRow | undefined
+  return row ? rowToJob(row) : null
+}
+
+export function createBackupJob(input: {
+  type: BackupJobType
+  total?: number
+  message?: string
+  payload?: Record<string, unknown>
+}): BackupJob {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const id = generateJobId()
+  const now = new Date().toISOString()
+  const payloadJson = JSON.stringify(input.payload ?? {})
+
+  getDb().prepare(`
+    INSERT INTO backup_jobs
+      (id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json, output_path, error, created_at, finished_at)
+    VALUES (?, ?, 'pending', 0, ?, ?, ?, NULL, NULL, ?, NULL)
+  `).run(
+    id,
+    input.type,
+    input.total ?? 0,
+    input.message ?? '',
+    payloadJson,
+    now
+  )
+
+  return getBackupJob(id)!
+}
+
+export function getBackupJob(id: string): BackupJob | null {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const row = getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json,
+           output_path, error, created_at, finished_at
+    FROM backup_jobs
+    WHERE id = ?
+  `).get(id) as BackupJobRow | undefined
+  return row ? rowToJob(row) : null
+}
+
+export function listBackupJobs(limit = 20): BackupJob[] {
+  return listBackupJobsPage(1, limit).jobs
+}
+
+export function countBackupJobs(): number {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const row = getDb().prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS count FROM backup_jobs').get() as { count: number }
+  return row.count
+}
+
+export function listBackupJobsPage(page = 1, pageSize = 10): { jobs: BackupJob[], total: number } {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const limit = Math.min(50, Math.max(1, pageSize))
+  const safePage = Math.max(1, page)
+  const offset = (safePage - 1) * limit
+  const total = countBackupJobs()
+  const rows = getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json,
+           output_path, error, created_at, finished_at
+    FROM backup_jobs
+    ORDER BY created_at DESC
+    LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
+  `).all(limit, offset) as unknown as BackupJobRow[]
+  return { jobs: rows.map(rowToJob), total }
+}
+
+/** Capture live task history before a full restore swaps the database file. */
+export function snapshotBackupJobs(limit = 50): BackupJob[] {
+  return listBackupJobs(limit)
+}
+
+/** Restore task history after the database file was replaced from a backup package. */
+export function restoreBackupJobsAfterReplace(preserved: BackupJob[]): void {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const db = getDb()
+  db.exec('BEGIN')
+  try {
+    db.prepare('DELETE FROM backup_jobs').run()
+    const insert = db.prepare(`
+      INSERT INTO backup_jobs
+        (id, type, status, progress, total, message, payload_json, output_path, error, created_at, finished_at)
+      VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+    `)
+    for (const job of preserved) {
+      insert.run(
+        job.id,
+        job.type,
+        job.status,
+        job.progress,
+        job.total,
+        job.message,
+        JSON.stringify(job.payload),
+        job.outputPath,
+        job.error,
+        job.createdAt,
+        job.finishedAt
+      )
+    }
+    db.exec('COMMIT')
+  } catch (error) {
+    db.exec('ROLLBACK')
+    throw error
+  }
+}
+
+/** Mark jobs left in `running` after a crash/restart so new work can start. */
+export function recoverInterruptedBackupJobs(): number {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const finishedAt = new Date().toISOString()
+  const result = getDb().prepare(`
+    UPDATE backup_jobs
+    SET status = 'failed',
+        error = '任务中断（服务重启或异常退出）',
+        message = '任务已中断，请重试',
+        finished_at = ?
+    WHERE status = 'running'
+  `).run(finishedAt)
+  return Number(result.changes ?? 0)
+}
+
+export function updateBackupJob(
+  id: string,
+  patch: Partial<{
+    status: BackupJobStatus
+    progress: number
+    total: number
+    message: string
+    payload: Record<string, unknown>
+    outputPath: string | null
+    error: string | null
+    finishedAt: string | null
+  }>
+): void {
+  ensureBackupSchema()
+  const current = getBackupJob(id)
+  if (!current) return
+
+  const next = {
+    status: patch.status ?? current.status,
+    progress: patch.progress ?? current.progress,
+    total: patch.total ?? current.total,
+    message: patch.message ?? current.message,
+    payload: patch.payload ?? current.payload,
+    outputPath: patch.outputPath !== undefined ? patch.outputPath : current.outputPath,
+    error: patch.error !== undefined ? patch.error : current.error,
+    finishedAt: patch.finishedAt !== undefined ? patch.finishedAt : current.finishedAt
+  }
+
+  getDb().prepare(`
+    UPDATE backup_jobs
+    SET status = ?, progress = ?, total = ?, message = ?, payload_json = ?,
+        output_path = ?, error = ?, finished_at = ?
+    WHERE id = ?
+  `).run(
+    next.status,
+    next.progress,
+    next.total,
+    next.message,
+    JSON.stringify(next.payload),
+    next.outputPath,
+    next.error,
+    next.finishedAt,
+    id
+  )
+}
+
+export function markJobRunning(id: string, message?: string): void {
+  updateBackupJob(id, {
+    status: 'running',
+    message: message ?? ''
+  })
+}
+
+export function markJobDone(id: string, patch?: {
+  message?: string
+  outputPath?: string | null
+  payload?: Record<string, unknown>
+}): void {
+  updateBackupJob(id, {
+    status: 'done',
+    message: patch?.message ?? '',
+    outputPath: patch?.outputPath,
+    payload: patch?.payload,
+    finishedAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+    error: null
+  })
+}
+
+export function markJobFailed(id: string, error: string, message?: string): void {
+  updateBackupJob(id, {
+    status: 'failed',
+    error,
+    message: message ?? error,
+    finishedAt: new Date().toISOString()
+  })
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+export const BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION = 1
+
+export interface BackupManifest {
+  formatVersion: number
+  appVersion: string
+  createdAt: string
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  includesDatabase: boolean
+}
+
+export interface BackupRestorePreview {
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  newImages: number
+  conflictingImages: number
+  formatVersion: number
+  appVersion: string
+  createdAt: string
+}
+
+export interface StorageBackendMetaExport {
+  id: string
+  name: string
+  type: string
+  config: Record<string, unknown>
+  servingMode: string
+  publicUrl: string
+  quotaBytes: number | null
+  enabled: boolean
+  isDefault: boolean
+  sortOrder: number
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { describe, expect, it } from 'vitest'
+import { BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION } from './manifest'
+import { BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT, isSafeBackupFilename } from './paths'
+
+describe('isSafeBackupFilename', () => {
+  it('accepts valid backup archive names', () => {
+    expect(isSafeBackupFilename(`pichost-abc123${BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT}`)).toBe(true)
+  })
+
+  it('rejects path traversal and wrong extension', () => {
+    expect(isSafeBackupFilename('')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isSafeBackupFilename('../secret.phost.tar.gz')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isSafeBackupFilename('backup.tar.gz')).toBe(false)
+    expect(isSafeBackupFilename('nested/pkg.phost.tar.gz')).toBe(false)
+  })
+})
+
+describe('BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION', () => {
+  it('is v1', () => {
+    expect(BACKUP_FORMAT_VERSION).toBe(1)
+  })
+})
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { getDataDir } from '../data-dir'
+
+export const BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT = '.phost.tar.gz'
+
+export function getBackupsDir(): string {
+  return join(getDataDir(), 'backups')
+}
+
+export function getBackupStagingDir(jobId: string): string {
+  return join(getBackupsDir(), 'staging', jobId)
+}
+
+export function isSafeBackupFilename(name: string): boolean {
+  if (!name || name.includes('..') || name.includes('/') || name.includes('\\')) {
+    return false
+  }
+  return name.endsWith(BACKUP_ARCHIVE_EXT)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import { runBackendSyncJob } from './backend-sync'
+import { runFullExportJob } from './full-export'
+import { runFullRestoreJob } from './full-restore'
+import {
+  createBackupJob,
+  getBackupJob,
+  markJobFailed,
+  markJobRunning,
+  recoverInterruptedBackupJobs,
+  type BackupJob
+} from './jobs'
+
+interface BackupRunnerState {
+  running: boolean
+  currentJobId: string | null
+}
+
+const runnerState: BackupRunnerState = (globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  __pichostBackupRunner?: BackupRunnerState
+}).__pichostBackupRunner ?? {
+  running: false,
+  currentJobId: null
+}
+;(globalThis as typeof globalThis & {
+  __pichostBackupRunner?: BackupRunnerState
+}).__pichostBackupRunner = runnerState
+
+export function isBackupRunnerBusy(): boolean {
+  return runnerState.running
+}
+
+function claimJobSlot(): void {
+  if (runnerState.running) {
+    throw new Error('BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING')
+  }
+  recoverInterruptedBackupJobs()
+}
+
+export function cancelBackupJob(jobId: string): boolean {
+  const job = getBackupJob(jobId)
+  if (!job || (job.status !== 'running' && job.status !== 'pending')) {
+    return false
+  }
+  markJobFailed(jobId, '任务已取消')
+  if (runnerState.currentJobId === jobId) {
+    runnerState.running = false
+    runnerState.currentJobId = null
+  }
+  return true
+}
+
+export function scheduleBackupJob(
+  job: BackupJob,
+  runner: () => Promise<void>
+): void {
+  if (runnerState.running) {
+    throw new Error('BACKUP_JOB_RUNNING')
+  }
+  runnerState.running = true
+  runnerState.currentJobId = job.id
+  markJobRunning(job.id)
+
+  setImmediate(() => {
+    runner()
+      .catch(() => {})
+      .finally(() => {
+        runnerState.running = false
+        runnerState.currentJobId = null
+      })
+  })
+}
+
+export function startFullExportJob(appVersion: string): BackupJob {
+  claimJobSlot()
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'full_export',
+    message: '等待开始…'
+  })
+  scheduleBackupJob(job, () => runFullExportJob(job.id, appVersion))
+  return getBackupJob(job.id)!
+}
+
+export function startFullRestoreJob(
+  archivePath: string,
+  conflictMode: 'skip' | 'overwrite'
+): BackupJob {
+  claimJobSlot()
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'full_restore',
+    message: '等待开始…',
+    payload: { archivePath, conflictMode }
+  })
+  scheduleBackupJob(job, () => runFullRestoreJob(job.id, archivePath, { conflictMode }))
+  return getBackupJob(job.id)!
+}
+
+export function startBackendSyncJob(options: {
+  fromBackendId: string
+  toBackendId: string
+  deleteSource?: boolean
+  setDefault?: boolean
+  dryRun?: boolean
+}): BackupJob {
+  claimJobSlot()
+  const job = createBackupJob({
+    type: 'backend_sync',
+    message: options.dryRun ? '预检中…' : '等待开始…',
+    payload: options
+  })
+  scheduleBackupJob(job, () => runBackendSyncJob(job.id, options))
+  return getBackupJob(job.id)!
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { getDb } from '../db'
+
+export function ensureBackupSchema(): void {
+  getDb().exec(`
+    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS backup_jobs (
+      id TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+      type TEXT NOT NULL CHECK(type IN ('full_export', 'full_restore', 'backend_sync')),
+      status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK(status IN ('pending', 'running', 'done', 'failed')),
+      progress INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+      total INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+      message TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+      payload_json TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
+      output_path TEXT,
+      error TEXT,
+      created_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+      finished_at TEXT
+    );
+    CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_backup_jobs_created_at
+      ON backup_jobs(created_at DESC);
+  `)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+import { stat } from 'node:fs/promises'
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { getDataDir } from '../data-dir'
+import { getImageTotals } from '../image-index'
+import { getBackupsDir } from './paths'
+
+export async function getBackupExportEstimate(): Promise<{
+  imageCount: number
+  imageBytes: number
+  databaseBytes: number
+  totalBytes: number
+}> {
+  const { count, bytes } = getImageTotals()
+  const databaseBytes = await (async () => {
+    try {
+      const dbStat = await stat(join(getDataDir(), 'pichost.db'))
+      return dbStat.size
+    } catch {
+      return 0
+    }
+  })()
+  return {
+    imageCount: count,
+    imageBytes: bytes,
+    databaseBytes,
+    totalBytes: bytes + databaseBytes
+  }
+}
+
+export async function getAvailableDiskBytes(): Promise<number | null> {
+  try {
+    const { statfs } = await import('node:fs/promises')
+    const stats = await statfs(getBackupsDir())
+    return Number(stats.bavail) * Number(stats.bsize)
+  } catch {
+    return null
+  }
+}
@@ -36,8 +36,27 @@ export interface ActivityLogInput {
 }

 let db: DatabaseSync | null = null
+let dbReplacing = false
+
+export function isDbReplacing(): boolean {
+  return dbReplacing
+}
+
+export function setDbReplacing(value: boolean): void {
+  dbReplacing = value
+}
+
+export function closeDb(): void {
+  if (db) {
+    db.close()
+    db = null
+  }
+}

 export function getDb(): DatabaseSync {
+  if (dbReplacing) {
+    throw new Error('DATABASE_REPLACE_IN_PROGRESS')
+  }
  if (db) return db

  const dataDir = getDataDir()
@@ -369,6 +369,41 @@ function buildBackendFilterSql(
  return ' AND backend_id = ?'
 }

+export function getImageTotals(): { count: number, bytes: number } {
+  ensureStorageSchema()
+  const row = getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT COUNT(*) AS count, COALESCE(SUM(size), 0) AS bytes
+    FROM images
+  `).get() as { count: number, bytes: number }
+  return { count: row.count, bytes: Number(row.bytes) }
+}
+
+export function listAllImageIndexRows(): ImageIndexRow[] {
+  ensureStorageSchema()
+  return getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT key, backend_id, user_id, folder, original_name, content_type, size, uploaded_at
+    FROM images
+    ORDER BY key ASC
+  `).all() as unknown as ImageIndexRow[]
+}
+
+export function listImageIndexRowsByBackend(backendId: string): ImageIndexRow[] {
+  ensureStorageSchema()
+  return getDb().prepare(`
+    SELECT key, backend_id, user_id, folder, original_name, content_type, size, uploaded_at
+    FROM images
+    WHERE backend_id = ?
+    ORDER BY key ASC
+  `).all(backendId) as unknown as ImageIndexRow[]
+}
+
+export function updateImageBackendId(key: string, backendId: string): void {
+  ensureStorageSchema()
+  getDb().prepare(`
+    UPDATE images SET backend_id = ? WHERE key = ?
+  `).run(backendId, key)
+}
+
 export async function countImages(
  userFilter?: number | 'admin',
  backendId?: string